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have the carriage

Толкование Перевод

1 anspannen

(trennb., hat -ge-)

I vt/i

1. (Pferde etc.) harness; (Kutsche etc.) hitch up; anspannen lassen have the carriage made ( oder got) ready; es ist angespannt! the ( oder your) carriage awaits!

II v/t

1. (Seil etc.) pull s.th. taut, stretch s.th. out, extend; (Muskeln) flex, tense; (festziehen) tighten

2. fig. (jemanden, das Gehirn etc.) exert; übermäßig: strain; alle Kräfte anspannen strain every nerve; angespannt

II v/refl tense up

* * *

(Gehirn) to strain; to exert;

(Muskel) to tense; to flex;

(Seil) to taut; to pull;

(Stimmung) to wind up;

(Zugtier) to harness

* * *
ạn|span|nen sep
1. vt

1) (= straffer spannen) to tauten, to tighten; Muskeln to tense

2) (= anstrengen) to strain, to tax

jdn zu sehr anspannen — to overtax sb

alle seine Kräfte anspannen — to strain every nerve, to exert all one's energy

See:

→ auch angespannt

3) Wagen to hitch up; Pferd to harness; Ochsen to yoke up (zu for)

jdn (zu einer Arbeit) anspannen (inf) — to get sb to do a job

2. vi
(= Pferde/Wagen anspannen) to hitch up
anspannen lassen — to get a/the carriage ready

es ist angespannt! — the carriage is ready

* * *

an|span·nen

I. vt

1. (zusammenziehen)

▪ etw \anspannen to tighten [or tauten] sth

seine Muskeln \anspannen to tense one's muscles

2. (überanstrengen)

▪ etw \anspannen to strain [or tax] sth

jdn [zu sehr] \anspannen to [over]tax sb

3. (in Anspruch nehmen)

seine Ersparnisse/seinen Etat \anspannen to stretch one's savings/budget

4. (mit Zugtieren bespannen)

▪ etw \anspannen to hitch up sth

die Kutsche mit Pferden \anspannen to hitch up the horses

ein Pferd \anspannen to harness a horse

Ochsen \anspannen to yoke [up] oxen

II. vi

1. (ins Geschirr spannen) Ochsen to yoke [up] the oxen; Pferde to harness the horse[s]

2. (mit Pferden bespannen)

es ist angespannt! the carriage is ready

▪ \anspannen lassen to get a/the carriage ready, to put in the horse[s]

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) harness, hitch up <horse etc.> (an + Akk. to); hitch up, yoke up < oxen> (an + Akk. to); hitch up <carriage, cart, etc.> (an + Akk. to)

2) (anstrengen) strain
2.
intransitives Verb hitch up

anspannen lassen — have the carriage made ready

* * *

anspannen (trennb, hat -ge-)

A. v/t & v/i

1. (Pferde etc) harness; (Kutsche etc) hitch up;

anspannen lassen have the carriage made ( oder got) ready;

es ist angespannt! the ( oder your) carriage awaits!

B. v/t

1. (Seil etc) pull sth taut, stretch sth out, extend; (Muskeln) flex, tense; (festziehen) tighten

2. fig (jemanden, das Gehirn etc) exert; übermäßig: strain;

alle Kräfte anspannen strain every nerve; → angespannt

B. v/r tense up

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) harness, hitch up <horse etc.> (an + Akk. to); hitch up, yoke up < oxen> (an + Akk. to); hitch up <carriage, cart, etc.> (an + Akk. to)

2) (anstrengen) strain
2.
intransitives Verb hitch up

anspannen lassen — have the carriage made ready

* * *

v.

to brace v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > anspannen
2 wagen

I vt/i venture; (etw. Gefährliches) auch risk; (sich getrauen) dare (zu + Inf. to + Inf.); es wagen take a chance; es wagen zu (+ Inf.) dare to (+ Inf.) einen Sprung / ein Experiment etc. wagen try a leap / an experiment etc.; den Schritt wagen fig. take the plunge; es mit etw. wagen give s.th. a try, have a shot ( oder crack) at s.th. umg.; wie kannst du (es) wagen(, mir zu widersprechen)? how dare you (contradict me)?; wie konnte er es wagen? where does he get the nerve?; wer nicht wagt, der nicht gewinnt Sprichw. nothing ventured, nothing gained; frisch gewagt ist halb gewonnen Sprichw. well begun is half done

II v/refl: sich wagen, etw. zu tun dare ( oder venture) to do s.th.; er hat sich nicht gewagt he didn’t dare, he didn’t have the courage ( oder nerve); er wagte sich nicht aus dem Haus he didn’t venture out of the house; sie wagte sich nicht auf die Straße she was (too) scared to go out into the street; sich an etwas Schwieriges etc. wagen try (to tackle) something difficult etc.; gewagt

* * *

der Wagen

carriage; coach; car

* * *
Wa|gen ['vaːgn]
m -s, - or (S Ger, Aus) -
['vɛːgn]
1) (= Personenwagen) car; (= Lieferwagen) van; (= Planwagen) (covered) wagon; (= Zirkuswagen, Zigeunerwagen) caravan, wagon; (von Pferden gezogen) wagon, cart; (= Kutsche) coach; (= Puppenwagen, Kinderwagen) pram (Brit), baby carriage (US); (= Handwagen) (hand)cart; (= Kofferkuli, Einkaufswagen) trolley; (= Schreibmaschinenwagen) carriage; (= Straßenbahnwagen, Seilbahnwagen) car; (= Eisenbahnwagen) coach (Brit), car, carriage (Brit); (= Omnibus) bus

jdm an den Wágen fahren (fig) — to pick holes in sb

sich nicht vor jds Wágen spannen lassen (fig) — not to allow oneself to be used or made use of by sb

See:

→ Rad

2) (ASTRON)

der Große Wágen — the Plough (Brit), the Big Dipper

der Kleine Wágen — the Little Dipper

* * *

1) (to put forward (a guess etc).) hazard

2) (to be brave enough (to do something): I daren't go; I don't dare (to) go; He wouldn't dare do a thing like that; Don't you dare say such a thing again!) dare

3) (to dare (to do (something), especially to say (something)): He ventured to kiss her hand; I ventured (to remark) that her skirt was too short.) venture

4) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) wagon

5) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) waggon

* * *

Wa·gen

<-, Wagen o SÜDD, ÖSTERR Wägen>

[ˈva:gn̩, pl ˈvɛ:gn̩]

m

1. (Pkw) car

ich nehme den \Wagen I'll take [or go in] [or drive] the car; (Lkw) truck, BRIT a. lorry; (Wagenladung) truckload, BRIT a. lorryload

2. BAHN (Waggon) carriage, car, coach

3. (Fahrzeug mit Deichsel) cart

4. (Kinderwagen) pram BRIT, baby carriage AM

5. (Teil einer Schreibmaschine) carriage

6. ASTRON

der Große/Kleine \Wagen the Great Bear [or Plough] [or Big Dipper]/Little Bear [or Little Dipper

7.

▶ sich akk nicht vor jds \Wagen spannen lassen (fam) to not let oneself be roped into sb's sth

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

wagen

A. v/t & v/i venture; (etwas Gefährliches) auch risk; (sich getrauen) dare (

zu +inf to +inf);

es wagen take a chance;

es wagen zu (+inf) dare to (+inf)

einen Sprung/ein Experiment etc

wagen try a leap/an experiment etc;

den Schritt wagen fig take the plunge;

es mit etwas wagen give sth a try, have a shot ( oder crack) at sth umg;

wie kannst du (es) wagen(, mir zu widersprechen)? how dare you (contradict me)?;

wie konnte er es wagen? where does he get the nerve?;

wer nicht wagt, der nicht gewinnt sprichw nothing ventured, nothing gained;

frisch gewagt ist halb gewonnen sprichw well begun is half done

B. v/r:

sich wagen, etwas zu tun dare ( oder venture) to do sth;

er hat sich nicht gewagt he didn’t dare, he didn’t have the courage ( oder nerve);

er wagte sich nicht aus dem Haus he didn’t venture out of the house;

sie wagte sich nicht auf die Straße she was (too) scared to go out into the street;

sich an etwas Schwieriges etc

wagen try (to tackle) something difficult etc; → gewagt

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

-- m.

car n.

carriage n.

coach n.

trolley n.

trolly n.

wagon n.

wain n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > wagen
3 Wagen

I vt/i venture; (etw. Gefährliches) auch risk; (sich getrauen) dare (zu + Inf. to + Inf.); es wagen take a chance; es wagen zu (+ Inf.) dare to (+ Inf.) einen Sprung / ein Experiment etc. wagen try a leap / an experiment etc.; den Schritt wagen fig. take the plunge; es mit etw. wagen give s.th. a try, have a shot ( oder crack) at s.th. umg.; wie kannst du (es) wagen(, mir zu widersprechen)? how dare you (contradict me)?; wie konnte er es wagen? where does he get the nerve?; wer nicht wagt, der nicht gewinnt Sprichw. nothing ventured, nothing gained; frisch gewagt ist halb gewonnen Sprichw. well begun is half done

II v/refl: sich wagen, etw. zu tun dare ( oder venture) to do s.th.; er hat sich nicht gewagt he didn’t dare, he didn’t have the courage ( oder nerve); er wagte sich nicht aus dem Haus he didn’t venture out of the house; sie wagte sich nicht auf die Straße she was (too) scared to go out into the street; sich an etwas Schwieriges etc. wagen try (to tackle) something difficult etc.; gewagt

* * *

der Wagen

carriage; coach; car

* * *
Wa|gen ['vaːgn]
m -s, - or (S Ger, Aus) -
['vɛːgn]
1) (= Personenwagen) car; (= Lieferwagen) van; (= Planwagen) (covered) wagon; (= Zirkuswagen, Zigeunerwagen) caravan, wagon; (von Pferden gezogen) wagon, cart; (= Kutsche) coach; (= Puppenwagen, Kinderwagen) pram (Brit), baby carriage (US); (= Handwagen) (hand)cart; (= Kofferkuli, Einkaufswagen) trolley; (= Schreibmaschinenwagen) carriage; (= Straßenbahnwagen, Seilbahnwagen) car; (= Eisenbahnwagen) coach (Brit), car, carriage (Brit); (= Omnibus) bus

jdm an den Wágen fahren (fig) — to pick holes in sb

sich nicht vor jds Wágen spannen lassen (fig) — not to allow oneself to be used or made use of by sb

See:

→ Rad

2) (ASTRON)

der Große Wágen — the Plough (Brit), the Big Dipper

der Kleine Wágen — the Little Dipper

* * *

1) (to put forward (a guess etc).) hazard

2) (to be brave enough (to do something): I daren't go; I don't dare (to) go; He wouldn't dare do a thing like that; Don't you dare say such a thing again!) dare

3) (to dare (to do (something), especially to say (something)): He ventured to kiss her hand; I ventured (to remark) that her skirt was too short.) venture

4) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) wagon

5) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) waggon

* * *

Wa·gen

<-, Wagen o SÜDD, ÖSTERR Wägen>

[ˈva:gn̩, pl ˈvɛ:gn̩]

m

1. (Pkw) car

ich nehme den \Wagen I'll take [or go in] [or drive] the car; (Lkw) truck, BRIT a. lorry; (Wagenladung) truckload, BRIT a. lorryload

2. BAHN (Waggon) carriage, car, coach

3. (Fahrzeug mit Deichsel) cart

4. (Kinderwagen) pram BRIT, baby carriage AM

5. (Teil einer Schreibmaschine) carriage

6. ASTRON

der Große/Kleine \Wagen the Great Bear [or Plough] [or Big Dipper]/Little Bear [or Little Dipper

7.

▶ sich akk nicht vor jds \Wagen spannen lassen (fam) to not let oneself be roped into sb's sth

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

Wagen m; -s, -, südd, österr Wägen

1. (Auto) car; (allg: Fahrzeug) vehicle; (Pferdewagen etc) waggon, US wagon, carriage; BAHN carriage, US car; (Straßenbahn) car

2. (Karren) cart; (Kinderwagen) pram, US baby carriage; (Einkaufswagen) trolley, US (shopping) cart; (Servierwagen) trolley, US serving cart

3. obs, der Schreibmaschine: carriage

4. ASTRON:

der Große Wagen the Great Bear, the Plough (US Plow), the Big Dipper, Ursa Major;

der Kleine Wagen the Little Bear, the Little Dipper, Ursa Minor

5. fig, in Wendungen:

jemandem an den Wagen fahren umg let sb have it, pitch into sb, tear strips off sb;

abwarten oder

sehen, wie der Wagen läuft umg (wait and) see how the wind blows;

sich nicht vor jemandes Wagen spannen lassen not let sb make use of one

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

-- m.

car n.

carriage n.

coach n.

trolley n.

trolly n.

wagon n.

wain n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Wagen
4 wägen

I vt/i venture; (etw. Gefährliches) auch risk; (sich getrauen) dare (zu + Inf. to + Inf.); es wagen take a chance; es wagen zu (+ Inf.) dare to (+ Inf.) einen Sprung / ein Experiment etc. wagen try a leap / an experiment etc.; den Schritt wagen fig. take the plunge; es mit etw. wagen give s.th. a try, have a shot ( oder crack) at s.th. umg.; wie kannst du (es) wagen(, mir zu widersprechen)? how dare you (contradict me)?; wie konnte er es wagen? where does he get the nerve?; wer nicht wagt, der nicht gewinnt Sprichw. nothing ventured, nothing gained; frisch gewagt ist halb gewonnen Sprichw. well begun is half done

II v/refl: sich wagen, etw. zu tun dare ( oder venture) to do s.th.; er hat sich nicht gewagt he didn’t dare, he didn’t have the courage ( oder nerve); er wagte sich nicht aus dem Haus he didn’t venture out of the house; sie wagte sich nicht auf die Straße she was (too) scared to go out into the street; sich an etwas Schwieriges etc. wagen try (to tackle) something difficult etc.; gewagt

* * *

der Wagen

carriage; coach; car

* * *
Wa|gen ['vaːgn]
m -s, - or (S Ger, Aus) -
['vɛːgn]
1) (= Personenwagen) car; (= Lieferwagen) van; (= Planwagen) (covered) wagon; (= Zirkuswagen, Zigeunerwagen) caravan, wagon; (von Pferden gezogen) wagon, cart; (= Kutsche) coach; (= Puppenwagen, Kinderwagen) pram (Brit), baby carriage (US); (= Handwagen) (hand)cart; (= Kofferkuli, Einkaufswagen) trolley; (= Schreibmaschinenwagen) carriage; (= Straßenbahnwagen, Seilbahnwagen) car; (= Eisenbahnwagen) coach (Brit), car, carriage (Brit); (= Omnibus) bus

jdm an den Wágen fahren (fig) — to pick holes in sb

sich nicht vor jds Wágen spannen lassen (fig) — not to allow oneself to be used or made use of by sb

See:

→ Rad

2) (ASTRON)

der Große Wágen — the Plough (Brit), the Big Dipper

der Kleine Wágen — the Little Dipper

* * *

1) (to put forward (a guess etc).) hazard

2) (to be brave enough (to do something): I daren't go; I don't dare (to) go; He wouldn't dare do a thing like that; Don't you dare say such a thing again!) dare

3) (to dare (to do (something), especially to say (something)): He ventured to kiss her hand; I ventured (to remark) that her skirt was too short.) venture

4) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) wagon

5) (a type of four-wheeled vehicle for carrying heavy loads: a hay wagon.) waggon

* * *

Wa·gen

<-, Wagen o SÜDD, ÖSTERR Wägen>

[ˈva:gn̩, pl ˈvɛ:gn̩]

m

1. (Pkw) car

ich nehme den \Wagen I'll take [or go in] [or drive] the car; (Lkw) truck, BRIT a. lorry; (Wagenladung) truckload, BRIT a. lorryload

2. BAHN (Waggon) carriage, car, coach

3. (Fahrzeug mit Deichsel) cart

4. (Kinderwagen) pram BRIT, baby carriage AM

5. (Teil einer Schreibmaschine) carriage

6. ASTRON

der Große/Kleine \Wagen the Great Bear [or Plough] [or Big Dipper]/Little Bear [or Little Dipper

7.

▶ sich akk nicht vor jds \Wagen spannen lassen (fam) to not let oneself be roped into sb's sth

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

wägen v/t; wägt, wog und wägte, hat gewogen; (abwägen) weigh (auch fachspr wiegen);

erst wägen, dann wagen look before you leap, think before you act

* * *

der; Wagens, Wagen

1) (PKW) car; (Omnibus) bus; (LKW) truck; lorry (Brit.); (LieferWagen) van

2) (PferdeWagen) cart; (Kutsche) coach; carriage; (PlanWagen) wagon; (ZirkusWagen, WohnWagen) caravan (Brit.); trailer (esp. Amer.)

der Große Wagen — (Astron.) the Plough; the Big Dipper (Amer.)

jemandem an den Wagen fahren — (fig. ugs.) give somebody what for (sl.); pitch into somebody (coll.)

3) (EisenbahnWagen) (PersonenWagen) coach; carriage; (GüterWagen) truck; wagon; car (Amer.); (StraßenbahnWagen) car

4) (KinderWagen, PuppenWagen) pram (Brit.); baby carriage (Amer.); (SportWagen) pushchair (Brit.); stroller (Amer.)

5) (HandWagen) handcart

6) (EinkaufsWagen) [shopping] trolley

* * *

-- m.

car n.

carriage n.

coach n.

trolley n.

trolly n.

wagon n.

wain n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > wägen
5 testa

f head

a testa each, a head

alla testa di at the head of

essere in testa lead

* * *

testa s.f.

1 head: la testa mi duole terribilmente, my head aches dreadfully (o I have a splitting headache); mal di testa, headache; chinare la testa, to bend (o to bow) one's head; scrollare, sollevare la testa, to shake, to raise one's head; tagliare la testa a qlcu., to cut (o to chop) s.o.'s head off (o to behead s.o.); cadere a testa in giù, to fall headlong; tuffarsi a testa in giù, to dive head first; mi mise la testa sulla spalla, she laid her head on my shoulder; avere il cappello in testa, to be wearing one's hat; si mise in testa il cappello e uscì, he put his hat on and went out; si è ferito alla, rotto la testa contro lo spigolo del tavolo, he cut his head on the edge of the table; gli diedero una botta in testa, they hit him on the head; quando lo vide girò la testa da un'altra parte, when he saw him he looked the other way // testa di rapa, di legno, ( persona ottusa) block-head (o dolt o ass); testa dura, ( persona ostinata) stubborn person; testa quadrata, ( persona equilibrata) well-balanced person; testa vuota, fool: è una testa vuota, he has a thick head; essere una testa calda, to be hot-headed (o impulsive); avere una bella testa, ( essere intelligente) to have a fine brain // (mus.) voce di testa, first voice

2 ( persona, individuo) head: ci sono troppe teste coinvolte nella decisione, there are too many people involved in the decision // a testa, per head (o a head o each): staremo svegli due ore a testa, we'll each stay awake for two hours; vi spettano tre copie a testa, there are three copies each (o per head o a head); si mangiarono un pollo a testa, they ate a chicken each; cento euro a testa, one hundred euros a head; pagare un tanto a testa, to pay so much per head (o each)

3 ( testata) head: la testa del letto, the bedhead (o headboard); la testa di un chiodo, di uno spillo, the head of a nail, of a pin; testa d'aglio, head of garlic // (mil.): testa di ponte, bridgehead; testa di sbarco, beachhead // (mecc.): testa a croce, crosshead; testa di biella, big end; testa del cilindro, cylinder head; battere, picchiare in testa, to knock; battito in testa, knocking

4 (ferr.) vettura di testa, the first carriage, the carriage at the front of the train; la carrozza ristorante è in testa, the restaurant car is at the front of the train; stazione di testa, terminal station

5 (zool.) testa di rame, ( Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen) copperhead.

◆ FRASEOLOGIA: avere la testa tra le nuvole, to have one's head in the clouds; il vino gli dà subito alla testa, wine goes straight to his head; speriamo che il successo non gli dia alla testa, let's hope that his success won't go to his head; non sa più dove andare a sbattere la testa, he doesn't know where to turn; mettere la testa a posto, to sort oneself out; spero che non vi passino altre idee strane per la testa, I hope you won't get any other strange ideas into your head; ma cosa ti è venuto, saltato in testa?, what has come over you?; avere la testa sulle spalle, to have one's (o a good) head on one's shoulders; avere debiti, lavoro fin sopra la testa, to be up to one's eyes in debt, in work; ne ho fin sopra la testa dei suoi discorsi, I have had all I can take of his speeches; mi ha fatto una testa così con le sue chiacchiere, he wore me out with his talking; mettere un'idea in testa a qlcu., to put an idea into s.o.'s head; mettersi un'idea in testa, to take an idea into one's head; fare di testa propria, to do sthg. off one's own bat (o to do sthg. one's own way); andare a testa alta, to hold one's head high; andò via a testa bassa, he walked away crestfallen (o hanging his head): la squadra lasciò il campo a testa bassa, the team were downhearted when they left the field; ''Ho perso il portafoglio!'' ''Ma dove hai la testa?'', ''I have lost my wallet'' ''What were you thinking of?''; essere fuori di testa, (fam.) non esserci con la testa, to be out of one's mind; andare fuori di testa, (fam.) to go off one's head, to go crazy; non avere la testa a posto, to be off one's head; nascondere la testa nella sabbia, to bury one's head in the sand; agire con la testa nel sacco, to act like a fool; perdere la testa, to lose one's head; piegare la testa di fronte all'evidenza, to bow to evidence; possiamo solo chinare la testa e obbedire, we'll just have to bow down (o to give in) and obey; non riesce a farsi entrare in testa la matematica, he just can't get maths into his head; non ha testa per la matematica, he has no head for maths; rompersi la testa per qlco., to rack one's brains for sthg.; tenere testa a qlcu., ( non sottomettersi) to stand up to s.o., ( mantenersi al passo) to keep up with s.o.; uscirne con la testa rotta, to have the worst of it // essere in testa, to be in the lead (o at the top): il nostro paese è in testa nella produzione di automobili, our country leads the field in car production; le Ferrari sono in testa, the Ferraris are in the lead; essere, passare in testa alla classifica, to be at, to move up to the top of the league; il suo nome è in testa alla lista dei ricercati, his name is at the top of the wanted list; andare in testa, to take the lead; essere in testa a tutti, to be ahead of everybody // essere alla testa di un corteo, to be heading a procession; essere alla testa di un esercito, di un'impresa commerciale, to be at the head of an army, of a business; essere alla testa di un partito, to be the leader of a party // testa a testa, neck and neck // teste di cuoio, special forces, anti-terrorist (police) forces, commando units; (in GB) SAS // (sport) testa di serie, seed, seeded player ∙ Per ulteriore esemplificazione vedere anche alla voce 'capo'.

* * *
['tɛsta]
sostantivo femminile

1) head

muovere la testa — to move one's head

coprirsi la testa — to cover one's head

lavarsi la testa — to wash one's hair

dalla testa ai piedi — from head to foot o toe

mal di testa — headache

a testa in giù, di testa — [cadere, tuffarsi] headfirst

a testa in giù — [ essere sospeso] upside down

mettersi il cappello in testa — to put on one's hat

a testa alta — (senza vergogna) with one's head held high

a testa bassa — (vergognandosi) with one's head bowed; (con grande impegno) [ lanciarsi] headfirst, headlong

sulle nostre -e — (per aria) over our heads

testa a testa — [lottare, scontrarsi] head to head; [correre, arrivare] neck and neck, nip and tuck AE

mettere una taglia sulla testa di qcn. — fig. to put a price on sb.'s head

2) fig. (mente)

avere in testa di fare — to have it in mind to do

avere qcs. in testa — to have sth. on one's mind

usare la testa — to use one's head

avere la testa altrove — to be miles away, to have one's mind elsewhere

è una bella testa — colloq. she's a great mind o a heavyweight

non ci sta (tanto) con la testa — colloq. he's not right in the head, he's not all there

3) (individuo)

a testa — each, per o a head

4) (estremità) (di treno, convoglio) front; (di corteo, fila) head, front; (di chiodo, spillo, fiammifero, martello) head

i vagoni di testa — the front carriages o cars

5) (comando)

il gruppo di testa — the leaders, the leading group

essere alla testa di — to be at the head of, to head [movimento, partito]

in testa a o alla testa di un corteo at the front o head of a procession; essere in testa (in elezioni, sondaggio, gara, classifica) to lead, to be in the lead, to have the lead; essere in testa a to head [ lista]; to be at the top of [ classifica]; la squadra in testa al campionato the leading team in the championship; passare in testa — to go into the lead, to take the lead

6) aut.

battere in testa — [ motore] to knock; [ automobile] to backfire

•

testa d'aglio — head of garlic

testa d'asino — mutton head

testa di biella — tecn. stub-end

testa calda — hothead, hotspur

essere una testa calda — to be hot-headed

testa di cavolo — colloq. cabbagehead, pinhead

testa di cazzo — volg. dickhead, prick

testa o croce — heads or tails

fare a testa o croce — to call heads or tails, to toss up, to flip a coin

testa di cuoio — mil. = member of a special anti-terrorist police team

testa dura — testa di legno

avere la testa dura — to be strongheaded

testa di legno — woodenhead, thickhead, blockhead

testa matta — madcap

testa di moro — dark chocolate

testa di morto — (teschio) death's head; entosostantivo maschile death's head moth

testa quadra — (persona testarda) bullhead, blackhead

testa quadrata — (persona razionale) squareheaded person

testa di rapa — colloq. testa di legno

testa di serie — sport seed

testa d'uovo — colloq. egghead

testa vuota — dimwit, rattle-brain, airhead AE, bubblehead AE

avere la testa vuota — to be in a vacuum

••

fare una testa così a qcn., fare la testa come un pallone a qcn. — to talk sb.'s head off

averne fin sopra la testa — to be tired o sick to death (di of), to have it up to there (di with)

avere la testa tra le o nelle nuvole to have one's head in the clouds; avere la testa sulle spalle o sul collo o a posto to have one's head screwed on, to have a good head on one's shoulders, to have all one's buttons colloq.; dare alla testa o far girare la testa a qcn. [alcol, lodi] to go to sb.'s head; [ successo] to go to sb.'s head, to turn sb.'s head; montarsi la testa to get big-headed, to have a swollen head; non montarti la testa don't let it go to your head; tenere testa a qcn. to be a match for sb.; far entrare qcs. in testa a qcn. to drill sth. into sb., to get o beat o drive sth. into sb.'s head; mettere la testa a posto to get oneself sorted out, to buck up one's ideas colloq.; mettere qcs. in testa a qcn. to put sth. into sb.'s head; mettersi in testa di fare to take it into one's head to do, to set one's mind on doing; mettersi in testa che to get the notion into one's head that; mettitelo bene in testa! get that into your (thick) skull! get it into your head once and for all! perdere la testa to go off one's head; fare qcs. di testa propria to do sth. on one's own initiative; fare (sempre) di testa propria to (always) do it one's own way; rompersi la testa (scervellarsi) to rack one's brains; essere fuori di testa colloq. to be as nutty as a fruit cake, to be out to lunch; andare fuori di testa, uscire di testa colloq. to go off one's head, to flip, to go (a)round the bend, to go bananas; fare uscire di testa qcn. colloq. to drive sb. (a)round the bend; ma sei fuori di testa? are you off your head? are you out of your mind? tagliare la testa al toro — to clinch the question once and for all

* * *

testa

/'tεsta/ ⇒ 4

sostantivo f.

1 head; muovere la testa to move one's head; coprirsi la testa to cover one's head; lavarsi la testa to wash one's hair; dalla testa ai piedi from head to foot o toe; mal di testa headache; a testa in giù, di testa [cadere, tuffarsi] headfirst; a testa in giù [ essere sospeso] upside down; mettersi il cappello in testa to put on one's hat; a testa alta (senza vergogna) with one's head held high; a testa bassa (vergognandosi) with one's head bowed; (con grande impegno) [ lanciarsi] headfirst, headlong; sulle nostre -e (per aria) over our heads; testa a testa [lottare, scontrarsi] head to head; [correre, arrivare] neck and neck, nip and tuck AE; mettere una taglia sulla testa di qcn. fig. to put a price on sb.'s head

2 fig. (mente) avere in testa di fare to have it in mind to do; avere qcs. in testa to have sth. on one's mind; usare la testa to use one's head; avere la testa altrove to be miles away, to have one's mind elsewhere; è una bella testa colloq. she's a great mind o a heavyweight; non ci sta (tanto) con la testa colloq. he's not right in the head, he's not all there

3 (individuo) a testa each, per o a head

4 (estremità) (di treno, convoglio) front; (di corteo, fila) head, front; (di chiodo, spillo, fiammifero, martello) head; i vagoni di testa the front carriages o cars

5 (comando) il gruppo di testa the leaders, the leading group; essere alla testa di to be at the head of, to head [movimento, partito]; in testa a o alla testa di un corteo at the front o head of a procession; essere in testa(in elezioni, sondaggio, gara, classifica) to lead, to be in the lead, to have the lead; essere in testa a to head [ lista]; to be at the top of [ classifica]; la squadra in testa al campionato the leading team in the championship; passare in testa to go into the lead, to take the lead

6 aut. battere in testa [ motore] to knock; [ automobile] to backfire

IDIOMS

fare una testa così a qcn., fare la testa come un pallone a qcn. to talk sb.'s head off; averne fin sopra la testa to be tired o sick to death (di of), to have it up to there (di with); avere la testa tra le o nelle nuvole to have one's head in the clouds; avere la testa sulle spalle o sul collo o a posto to have one's head screwed on, to have a good head on one's shoulders, to have all one's buttons colloq.; dare alla testa o far girare la testa a qcn. [alcol, lodi] to go to sb.'s head; [ successo] to go to sb.'s head, to turn sb.'s head; montarsi la testa to get big-headed, to have a swollen head; non montarti la testa don't let it go to your head; tenere testa a qcn. to be a match for sb.; far entrare qcs. in testa a qcn. to drill sth. into sb., to get o beat o drive sth. into sb.'s head; mettere la testa a posto to get oneself sorted out, to buck up one's ideas colloq.; mettere qcs. in testa a qcn. to put sth. into sb.'s head; mettersi in testa di fare to take it into one's head to do, to set one's mind on doing; mettersi in testa che to get the notion into one's head that; mettitelo bene in testa! get that into your (thick) skull! get it into your head once and for all! perdere la testa to go off one's head; fare qcs. di testa propria to do sth. on one's own initiative; fare (sempre) di testa propria to (always) do it one's own way; rompersi la testa (scervellarsi) to rack one's brains; essere fuori di testa colloq. to be as nutty as a fruit cake, to be out to lunch; andare fuori di testa, uscire di testa colloq. to go off one's head, to flip, to go (a)round the bend, to go bananas; fare uscire di testa qcn. colloq. to drive sb. (a)round the bend; ma sei fuori di testa? are you off your head? are you out of your mind? tagliare la testa al toro to clinch the question once and for all

\

COMPOUNDS

testa d'aglio head of garlic; testa d'asino mutton head; testa di biella tecn. stub-end; testa calda hothead, hotspur; essere una testa calda to be hot-headed; testa di cavolo colloq. cabbagehead, pinhead; testa di cazzo volg. dickhead, prick; testa o croce heads or tails; fare a testa o croce to call heads or tails, to toss up, to flip a coin; testa di cuoio mil. = member of a special anti-terrorist police team; testa dura → testa di legno; avere la testa dura to be strongheaded; testa di legno woodenhead, thickhead, blockhead; testa matta madcap; testa di moro dark chocolate; testa di morto (teschio) death's head; entosostantivo maschile death's head moth; testa quadra (persona testarda) bullhead, blackhead; testa quadrata (persona razionale) squareheaded person; testa di rapa colloq. → testa di legno; testa di serie sport seed; testa d'uovo colloq. egghead; testa vuota dimwit, rattle-brain, airhead AE, bubblehead AE; avere la testa vuota to be in a vacuum.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > testa
6 вагон

муж.

1) carriage, coach; car (трамвайный; ж.-д. пассажирский и товарный амер.)

вагон-буфет — buffet car

вагон-весы — scale car

вагон для курящих — smoking car, smoking carriage

вагон для некурящих — non-smoker

вагон для перевозки скота — cattle box, stock car

вагон-люкс — амер. palace car

вагон-платформа — амер. platform car

вагон прямого сообщения — through car

вагон-ресторан — dining car; restaurant car, dining saloon; разг. diner

вагон-рефрижератор — freezer, reefer

в вагоне — амер. aboard the train, on board

ехать в жестком вагоне — to travel hard

ехать в мягком вагоне — to travel soft

жесткий вагон — hard-seated carriage

закрытый товарный вагон — house car

крытый товарный вагон — box-wagon

купе спального вагона — roomette

моторный вагон — motor car

первый от паровоза вагон — the carriage next the engine

последний вагон поезда — the last carriage of a train

почтовый вагон — mail van, mail coach, parcel van; mail car, post office car амер.

прицепить вагон к поезду — to hitch a carriage on to a train

пульмановский спальный вагон — Pullman (car)

салон-вагон — parlor ca

товарный вагон — goods wagon, goods truck, goods car

тормозной вагон — brake van

трамвайный вагон — tramcar; амер. surface car

вагон для лошадей — horse-box

багажный вагон — luggage van; freight car, baggage car амер.

вагон-цистерна — tank truck, oil tank car, cistern car

грузовой вагон — freight car

железнодорожный вагон — railroad car

мягкий вагон — soft-seated carriage, upholstered carriage

пассажирский вагон — coach car, passenger car

плацкартный вагон — carriage with numbered reserved seats

санитарный вагон — hospital-car

спальный вагон — sleeping-car, dormitory car, wagon-lit; sleeper разг., couchette, sleeping saloon

2) перен. разг. loads, lots, masses, heaps, bags

у нас вагон времени — we have bags of time

••

вагон и маленькая тележка — oodles; scads; barrels; scores

Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > вагон
7 перевозка и страхование оплачены до (с указанием поименованного места назначения)
1. CIP (insert named place of destination)
2. carriage and insurance paid to (insert named place of destination)
перевозка и страхование оплачены до (с указанием поименованного места назначения)
CIP (с указанием поименованного места назначения)
Данный термин означает, что продавец передает товар перевозчику или иному лицу, номинированному продавцом, в согласованном месте (если такое место согласовано сторонами) и что продавец обязан заключить договор перевозки и нести расходы по перевозке, необходимые для доставки товара в согласованное место назначения. Продавец также заключает договор страхования, покрывающий риск утраты или повреждения товара во время перевозки.
Покупателю следует учесть, что согласно CIP продавец обязан обеспечить страхование только с минимальным покрытием. При желании покупателя иметь больше защиты путем страхования, ему необходимо либо ясно согласовать это с продавцом или осуществить за свой счет дополнительное страхование.
При использовании терминов CPT, CIP, CFR или CIF продавец выполняет свою обязанность по поставке, когда он передает товар перевозчику, а не когда товар достиг места назначения. Данный термин содержит два критических пункта, поскольку риск и расходы переходят в двух различных местах. Он может быть использован независимо от избранного вида транспорта, а также при использовании более чем одного вида транспорта (ИНКОТЕРМС 2010)
[Упрощение процедур торговли: англо-русский глоссарий терминов (пересмотренное второе издание) НЬЮ-ЙОРК, ЖЕНЕВА, МОСКВА 2011 год]

EN

CIP (insert named place of destination)
carriage and insurance paid to (insert named place of destination)
Incoterm under which the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between the parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination. The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.
The buyer should note that under CIP the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.
When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier and not when the goods reach the place of destination. This rule has two critical points, because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places. It may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed (INCOTERMS 2010)
[Trade Facilitation Terms: An English - Russian Glossary (revised second edition) NEW YORK, GENEVA, MOSCOW 2140]

Тематики
- торговля
Синонимы
- CIP (с указанием поименованного места назначения)
EN
- carriage and insurance paid to (insert named place of destination)
- CIP (insert named place of destination)
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > перевозка и страхование оплачены до (с указанием поименованного места назначения)
8 spannen

I v/t

1. stretch; (straff spannen) tighten; (Muskeln) flex, tense; (Bogen) draw; TECH. (Werkstück) clamp; (Feder) tighten, tension; (Gewehr, Kamera) cock; fig. (Nerven) strain; Leinwand auf einen Rahmen spannen stretch a canvas over a frame; einen Bogen Papier in die Schreibmaschine spannen put a sheet of paper in(to) the typewriter; neue Saiten auf eine Gitarre spannen restring a guitar; einen Tennisschläger spannen put a tennis racket in a press; seine Erwartungen hoch / zu hoch spannen fig. have high expectations / pitch one’s expectations too high

2. (befestigen) (Wäscheleine) put up; vor den Wagen spannen (Pferde) harness to the carriage

3. fachspr.: die Tragflächen des Flugzeugs spannen 18 Meter the aircraft has a wingspan of 18 met|res (Am. -ers)

4. umg. (merken) get wise to; er hat’s gespannt (gemerkt) he’s caught on; (kapiert) auch he’s got it, the penny’s dropped; Folter, gespannt

II v/refl stretch ( über + Akk across, over); Muskel: flex; Haut: be taut ( oder tight); sich über einen Fluss spannen span a river; das Seil spannte sich und riss the rope tautened ( oder took up the strain) and broke

III v/i

1. Rock, Schuhe: be (too) tight; Haut: be taut ( oder tight); das Hemd spannt über dem Bauch the shirt is (too) tight over the stomach

2. spannen auf (+ Akk) fig. (erwarten) be anxiously waiting for; (beobachten) follow closely, have one’s eyes fixed on

* * *

to strain; to wind up; to brace; to stretch

* * *
spạn|nen ['ʃpanən]
1. vt

1) Saite, Seil, Geigenbogen to tighten, to tauten; Bogen to draw; Feder to tension; Muskeln to tense, to flex; Strickteile, Wolle to stretch; Gewehr, Abzugshahn, Kameraverschluss to cock

einen Tennisschläger spannen — to put a tennis racket in a/the press

2) (= straff befestigen) Werkstück to clamp; Wäscheleine to put up; Netz, Plane, Bildleinwand to stretch

einen Bogen in die Schreibmaschine spannen — to insert or put a sheet in the typewriter

3) Zugtier to hitch up (an +acc, vor +acc to)

sich vor jds Karren spannen lassen (fig) — to let oneself be used by sb

4) (fig)

seine Erwartungen zu hoch spannen — to set one's expectations too high

die Ausstellung spannt einen weiten thematischen Bogen — the exhibition spans or covers a wide range of themes

See:

→ Folter

5)

See:

→ gespannt

6) (S Ger, Aus inf = merken) to catch on to (inf), to get wise to (inf)

2. vr

1) (Haut) to go or become taut; (Muskeln) to tense

2)

spannen (Regenbogen, Brücke) — to span sth; (Haut) to stretch over sth

3. vi

1) (Kleidung) to be (too) tight; (Haut) to be taut

2) (= Gewehr spannen) to cock; (= Kamera spannen) to cock the shutter

* * *

span·nen

[ˈʃpanən]

I. vt

1. (straffen)

▪ etw \spannen to tighten sth, to make sth taut

die Zügel \spannen to pull [back] on the reins

2. (aufspannen)

eine Hängematte/Wäscheleine über/zwischen etw akk \spannen to put [or hang] up a hammock/washing line sep over/between sth

ein Seil über/zwischen etw akk \spannen to stretch a rope over/between sth

3. (anspannen)

▪ ein Tier vor etw akk \spannen to harness an animal to sth

▪ etw \spannen Muskeln to flex [or tense] sth; Gewehr to cock sth; s.a. Bogen

4. (straff befestigen)

einen Bogen in die Schreibmaschine \spannen to insert [or put] a sheet in the typewriter

eine Leinwand zwischen die Bretter \spannen to stretch a canvas between the boards

ein Werkstück in/zwischen etw akk \spannen to clamp a workpiece in/between sth

5. DIAL (sl: merken)

▪ \spannen, dass... to catch on that...

II. vr

1. (sich straffen)

▪ sich akk \spannen Seil to become taut

2. (geh: sich wölben)

▪ sich akk über etw akk \spannen to span [or stretch across] sth

III. vi

1. (zu eng sitzen)

im Schnitt/unter den Armen/an den Schultern \spannen to be too close-fitting/[too] tight under the arms/at the shoulders

2. (zu straff sein)

▪ [an etw dat/in etw dat] \spannen to be [or feel] taut [on/in sth]

meine Haut spannt von der Sonne/an den Schultern/im Gesicht the sun has made my skin taut/my skin is taut on my shoulders/face

3. (fam)

die Erben \spannen darauf, dass sie endlich stirbt the heirs can't wait for her to die

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) tighten, tauten <violin string, violin bow, etc.>; draw < bow>; tension <spring, tennis net, drumhead, saw-blade>; stretch <fabric, shoe, etc.>; draw or pull < line> tight or taut; tense, flex < muscle>; cock <gun, camera shutter>

2) (befestigen) put up < washing-line>; stretch <net, wire, tarpaulin, etc.> (über + Akk. over)

einen Bogen Papier in die Schreibmaschine spannen — insert or put a sheet of paper in the typewriter

etwas in einen Schraubstock spannen — clamp something in a vice

3) (schirren) hitch up, harness (vor, an + Akk. to)

4) (bes. südd., österr.): (merken) notice
2.
reflexives Verb

1) become or go taut; < muscles> tense

2) (geh.): (sich wölben)

sich über etwas (Akk.) spannen — <bridge, rainbow> span something
3.
intransitives Verb (zu eng sein) < clothing> be [too] tight; < skin> be taut

* * *

spannen

A. v/t

1. stretch; (straff spannen) tighten; (Muskeln) flex, tense; (Bogen) draw; TECH (Werkstück) clamp; (Feder) tighten, tension; (Gewehr, Kamera) cock; fig (Nerven) strain;

Leinwand auf einen Rahmen spannen stretch a canvas over a frame;

einen Bogen Papier in die Schreibmaschine spannen put a sheet of paper in(to) the typewriter;

neue Saiten auf eine Gitarre spannen restring a guitar;

einen Tennisschläger spannen put a tennis racket in a press;

seine Erwartungen hoch/zu hoch spannen fig have high expectations/pitch one’s expectations too high

2. (befestigen) (Wäscheleine) put up;

vor den Wagen spannen (Pferde) harness to the carriage

3. fachspr:

die Tragflächen des Flugzeugs spannen 18 Meter the aircraft has a wingspan of 18 metres (US -ers)

4. umg (merken) get wise to;

er hat’s gespannt (gemerkt) he’s caught on; (kapiert) auch he’s got it, the penny’s dropped; → Folter, gespannt

B. v/r stretch (

über +akk across, over); Muskel: flex; Haut: be taut ( oder tight);

sich über einen Fluss spannen span a river;

das Seil spannte sich und riss the rope tautened ( oder took up the strain) and broke

C. v/i

1. Rock, Schuhe: be (too) tight; Haut: be taut ( oder tight);

das Hemd spannt über dem Bauch the shirt is (too) tight over the stomach

2.

spannen auf (+akk) fig (erwarten) be anxiously waiting for; (beobachten) follow closely, have one’s eyes fixed on

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) tighten, tauten <violin string, violin bow, etc.>; draw < bow>; tension <spring, tennis net, drumhead, saw-blade>; stretch <fabric, shoe, etc.>; draw or pull < line> tight or taut; tense, flex < muscle>; cock <gun, camera shutter>

2) (befestigen) put up < washing-line>; stretch <net, wire, tarpaulin, etc.> (über + Akk. over)

einen Bogen Papier in die Schreibmaschine spannen — insert or put a sheet of paper in the typewriter

etwas in einen Schraubstock spannen — clamp something in a vice

3) (schirren) hitch up, harness (vor, an + Akk. to)

4) (bes. südd., österr.): (merken) notice
2.
reflexives Verb

1) become or go taut; < muscles> tense

2) (geh.): (sich wölben)

sich über etwas (Akk.) spannen — <bridge, rainbow> span something
3.
intransitives Verb (zu eng sein) < clothing> be [too] tight; < skin> be taut

* * *

v.

to stretch v.

to tension v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > spannen
9 introducir

v.

1 to put in, to insert (meter) (llave, carta).

introduzca su número secreto enter your PIN number

2 to bring in, to introduce.

una banda que introduce droga en el país a gang smuggling drugs into the country

Ella introdujo la madera She introduced=inserted the wood.

Ella introdujo a la nueva secretaria She introduced the new secretary.

Ella introdujo la nueva técnica She introduced the new technique.

Ella introdujo su nuevo producto She introduced her new product.

Ella introdujo al plomero She introduced=ushered in the plumber.

3 to enter, to type in.

El chico introdujo los datos The boy entered=typed in the data.

4 to slip in.

5 to be inserted in, to be introduced in.

Se te introduce una aguja A needle is inserted in you.

* * *

introducir

Conjugation model [ CONDUCIR], like link=conducir conducir

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to introduce; (legislación) to introduce, bring in; (cambios) to make (en, to)

■ quieren introducir un nuevo impuesto they want to bring in a new tax

■ el sistema se introdujo en el año 1984 the system was introduced in 1984

2 (meter) to put, place; (insertar) insert

■ el domador introduce su cabeza en las fauces del león the lion tamer puts his head in the lion's mouth

■ introduce la llave en la cerradura insert the key in the lock

■ la introdujeron violentamente en un coche they bundled her into a car

3 (importar) to bring in, import; (clandestinamente) to smuggle in

■ logró introducir en el penal una lima he managed to smuggle a file into the prison

■ introducía la droga en cajetillas de tabaco he smuggled the drugs in in cigarette packets

► verbo pronominal introducirse

1 (entrar) to go in, get in, enter

■ el balón se introdujo en la portería the ball went into the net

■ los vemos introducirse en el ascensor we see them get into the lift

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

introducir modificaciones/novedades/cambios en algo to modify something, make changes to something

* * *

verb

1) to introduce

2) insert

3) input, insert

* * *

1. VT

1) (=meter)

a) [+ mano, pie] to put, place (en in(to))
[+ moneda, llave] to put, insert (en in(to))
introdujo los pies en el agua — he put o placed his feet in(to) the water

no podía introducir la llave en la cerradura — he couldn't get the key in(to) the lock

introduzca la moneda/el disquete en la ranura — insert the coin/the diskette in(to) the slot

introdujo la carta por debajo de la puerta — he slipped the letter under the door

b) [+ enfermedad, mercancías] to bring (en into)
introduce (en into) [+ contrabando, droga] to bring (en in(to))
cualquier animal puede introducir la rabia en el país — any animal could bring o introduce rabies into the country

el tabaco introducido ilegalmente en Europa — the tobacco brought into Europe illegally

esa bebida hace ya años que se introdujo en España — that drink was introduced in Spain o was brought onto the Spanish market years ago

introducir algo de contrabando — to smuggle sth (en into)

introducir algo en el mercado — to bring sth onto the market, introduce sth into the market

c)

introducir a algn en — [+ habitación] to show sb into; [+ situación real] to introduce sb to; [+ situación irreal] to transport sb to

el mayordomo nos introdujo hasta el salón — the butler showed us into the drawing room

quería introducirla en la alta sociedad — he wanted to introduce her to high society

su poesía nos introduce en un mundo de felicidad — his poetry transports us to a world of happiness

la novela nos introduce en el Egipto de Cleopatra — the novel takes us back to the Egypt of Cleopatra

2) (=empezar) [+ cultivo, ley, método] to introduce

poco a poco se fueron introduciendo las tradiciones árabes — Arab traditions were gradually introduced

para introducir el tema, empezaré hablando de política exterior — to introduce the subject, I'll begin by discussing foreign policy

introducir la ley del divorcio causó muchos problemas — the introduction of the divorce law caused many problems, introducing the divorce law was very problematic

3) (=realizar) [+ medidas, reformas] to bring in, introduce

quieren introducir cambios en la legislación — they want to make changes to the current legislation, they want to introduce changes into the current legislation

las reformas se introducirán gradualmente a lo largo de los próximos tres años — the reforms will be phased in over the next three years, the reforms will be brought in o introduced gradually over the next three years

se deben introducir mejoras en el diseño del folleto — improvements need to be made to the pamphlet design

4) (Inform) [+ datos] to input, enter

2.

See:

introducirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <llave/moneda> to insert

introdujo la papeleta en la urna — he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box

2)

a) <cambios/medidas/ley> to introduce, bring in

introducir un nuevo producto en el mercado — to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market

b) <contrabando/drogas> to bring in, smuggle in

un solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país — a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the country

3)

a) (presentar, iniciar) to introduce

b) < persona> ( a una actividad)

introducir a alguien a algo — to introduce somebody to something

me introdujo a la lectura de los clásicos — he introduced me to the classics

c) ( en un ambiente)

su música nos introduce en un mundo mágico — his music transports us to a magical world

el escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado — the writer takes us back to the France of the last century
2.
introducirse v pron

a) ( meterse)

el agua se introducía por las ranuras — the water was seeping in through the cracks

la moneda se introdujo por una grieta — the coin fell down a crack

b) persona to gain access to

se introdujeron en el banco por un túnel — they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel

c) ( entrar en uso) modato come in

la costumbre se introdujo en los años 80 — the practice was introduced in the eighties

d) ( hacerse conocido) to become known

cuando su obra se introdujo en México — when his works became known in Mexico

ideas que se introdujeron en nuestra sociedad — ideas which found their way into our society

* * *

= enter, feed, input, insert, introduce, key in, load into, put in, put into, read in, usher in, inaugurate, carry in, slip in between, roll out.

Ex. Entry of an 'e' for end will bring back the screen shown in Figure 23 where you can make another choice or enter 'e' for end.

Ex. The computer merely needs to be fed with the source documents and their citation, and with the appropriate software, will generate the indexes.

Ex. Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.

Ex. Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.

Ex. The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex. The advantage is that information does not have to be keyed in.

Ex. Multiple copies of the catalogue or index in the conventional sense are not required, but the data base can be copied and loaded into various computer systems.

Ex. For those of you who are not familiar with OCLC and the way we work the data base is not a vast receptacle into which we throw any kind of record that anybody wants to put in.

Ex. If the bibliographic record is found, it can be put into the system catalog immediately.

Ex. Light pens can be used to read in data from bar codes on borrowers' cards, books, records, audio-visual materials.

Ex. Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.

Ex. In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.

Ex. The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.

Ex. At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.

Ex. I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

----

* introducir a golpes = hammer into.

* introducir Algo/Alguien en = usher + Nombre + into.

* introducir Algo en = take + Nombre + into.

* introducir arrastrando = haul in.

* introducir datos = key + data.

* introducir datos en el ordenador = input.

* introducir datos partiendo de cero = enter from + scratch.

* introducir de contrabando = smuggle in.

* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].

* introducir en = merge into.

* introducir escalonadamente = spiral.

* introducir gradualmente = phase in.

* introducir ilegalmente = smuggle in.

* introducir información = provide + input.

* introducir mediante el teclado = keyboard.

* introducir mejoras = make + improvements.

* introducir poco a poco a = filter through to.

* introducir por primera vez = pioneer.

* introducir progresivamente = spiral.

* introducirse = creep (up) (in/into), enter into, make + Posesivo + way (into/onto).

* introducirse completamente en = immerse + Reflexivo + in.

* introducirse en = insinuate + Posesivo + way through, insinuate + Reflexivo + (into), insinuate into.

* introducirse poco a poco = ease + Reflexivo + in.

* introducirse sigilosamente = creep up on.

* introducir tirando = haul in.

* introducir un cambio = bring + change.

* volver a introducir = re-enter [reenter], reintroduce, reinsert.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <llave/moneda> to insert

introdujo la papeleta en la urna — he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box

2)

a) <cambios/medidas/ley> to introduce, bring in

introducir un nuevo producto en el mercado — to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market

b) <contrabando/drogas> to bring in, smuggle in

un solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país — a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the country

3)

a) (presentar, iniciar) to introduce

b) < persona> ( a una actividad)

introducir a alguien a algo — to introduce somebody to something

me introdujo a la lectura de los clásicos — he introduced me to the classics

c) ( en un ambiente)

su música nos introduce en un mundo mágico — his music transports us to a magical world

el escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado — the writer takes us back to the France of the last century
2.
introducirse v pron

a) ( meterse)

el agua se introducía por las ranuras — the water was seeping in through the cracks

la moneda se introdujo por una grieta — the coin fell down a crack

b) persona to gain access to

se introdujeron en el banco por un túnel — they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel

c) ( entrar en uso) modato come in

la costumbre se introdujo en los años 80 — the practice was introduced in the eighties

d) ( hacerse conocido) to become known

cuando su obra se introdujo en México — when his works became known in Mexico

ideas que se introdujeron en nuestra sociedad — ideas which found their way into our society

* * *

= enter, feed, input, insert, introduce, key in, load into, put in, put into, read in, usher in, inaugurate, carry in, slip in between, roll out.

Ex: Entry of an 'e' for end will bring back the screen shown in Figure 23 where you can make another choice or enter 'e' for end.

Ex: The computer merely needs to be fed with the source documents and their citation, and with the appropriate software, will generate the indexes.

Ex: Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.

Ex: Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.

Ex: The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex: The advantage is that information does not have to be keyed in.

Ex: Multiple copies of the catalogue or index in the conventional sense are not required, but the data base can be copied and loaded into various computer systems.

Ex: For those of you who are not familiar with OCLC and the way we work the data base is not a vast receptacle into which we throw any kind of record that anybody wants to put in.

Ex: If the bibliographic record is found, it can be put into the system catalog immediately.

Ex: Light pens can be used to read in data from bar codes on borrowers' cards, books, records, audio-visual materials.

Ex: Optical technology has ushered in a new phase in the storage and retrieval of information.

Ex: In the beginning staff delivered books to readers in their homes, while in 1972 a mobile library service was inaugurated enabling readers to choose their own materials.

Ex: The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.

Ex: At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.

Ex: I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

* introducir a golpes = hammer into.

* introducir Algo/Alguien en = usher + Nombre + into.

* introducir Algo en = take + Nombre + into.

* introducir arrastrando = haul in.

* introducir datos = key + data.

* introducir datos en el ordenador = input.

* introducir datos partiendo de cero = enter from + scratch.

* introducir de contrabando = smuggle in.

* introducir de nuevo = re-enter [reenter].

* introducir en = merge into.

* introducir escalonadamente = spiral.

* introducir gradualmente = phase in.

* introducir ilegalmente = smuggle in.

* introducir información = provide + input.

* introducir mediante el teclado = keyboard.

* introducir mejoras = make + improvements.

* introducir poco a poco a = filter through to.

* introducir por primera vez = pioneer.

* introducir progresivamente = spiral.

* introducirse = creep (up) (in/into), enter into, make + Posesivo + way (into/onto).

* introducirse completamente en = immerse + Reflexivo + in.

* introducirse en = insinuate + Posesivo + way through, insinuate + Reflexivo + (into), insinuate into.

* introducirse poco a poco = ease + Reflexivo + in.

* introducirse sigilosamente = creep up on.

* introducir tirando = haul in.

* introducir un cambio = bring + change.

* volver a introducir = re-enter [reenter], reintroduce, reinsert.

* * *

introducir [I6 ]

vt

A (meter) introducir algo EN algo:

introdujo la papeleta en la urna he put his ballot paper in o into the ballot box, he placed his ballot paper in the ballot box

introducir la moneda en la ranura insert the coin in the slot

introdujo la llave en la cerradura he put o inserted the key in o into the lock

introducir un cuchillo en el centro del pastel insert a knife into the middle of the cake

B

1 ‹cambios/medidas/ley› to introduce, bring in, institute ( frml) introducir algo EN algo:

se introdujo una modificación en el reglamento a change was made in the rules

fue introducida en Europa en el siglo XVI it was introduced o brought into Europe in the 16th century

quieren introducir un nuevo producto en el mercado they plan to introduce a new product into o bring a new product onto the market

2 ‹contrabando/drogas› to bring in, smuggle in

un solo perro podría introducir la enfermedad en el país a single dog could bring o introduce the disease into the country

C

1 (presentar, iniciar) to introduce

estas tres notas introducen el nuevo tema musical these three notes introduce the new theme

2 ‹persona› (a una actividad) introducir a algn A algo to introduce sb TO sth

fue él quien me introdujo a la lectura de los clásicos it was he who introduced me to the classics

3 (en un ambiente) introducir a algn EN algo:

su música nos introduce en un mundo mágico his music transports us to a magical world

el escritor nos introduce en la Francia del siglo pasado the writer takes us back to the France of the last century

■ introducirse

v pron

1

(meterse): el agua se introducía por las ranuras the water was coming in o was seeping through the cracks

la moneda rodó hasta introducirse por una grieta the coin rolled along and dropped down a crack

2 «persona» to gain access to

se introdujeron en el banco por un túnel they gained access to o got into the bank via a tunnel

3

«ideas/costumbres/moda»: introducirse EN algo: ideas foráneas que se introdujeron poco a poco en nuestra sociedad foreign ideas which gradually found their way into our society

su obra se introdujo en México a través de las traducciones de Sanz his works became known in Mexico through Sanz's translations

* * *

introducir ( conjugate introducir) verbo transitivo
1 ( en general) to put … in;
‹ moneda› to insert;
introducir algo en algo to put sth into sth;
‹ moneda› to insert sth in sth
2
a) ‹cambios/medidas/ley› to introduce, bring in;

‹ producto› to introduce
b) ‹contrabando/drogas› to bring in, smuggle in

3 ( presentar) ‹acto/cantante› to introduce
introducirse verbo pronominal
a) ( meterse) [ ladrón] to gain access;

◊ la moneda se introdujo por una grieta the coin fell down a crack

b) ( entrar en uso) [ moda] to come in;

[ costumbre] to be introduced
c) ( hacerse conocido) [escritor/actor] to become known

introducir verbo transitivo
1 to introduce: su padre lo introdujo en la política, his father introduced him to politics
2 (meter) to insert, put in: introduzca una moneda, por favor, please insert coin
' introducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
deslizar
- embutir
- iniciar
- pasar
- sonda
- meter
English:
bring in
- dread
- feed
- input
- insert
- introduce
- jam in
- key in
- opportunity
- pack in
- phase
- promise
- put in
- stick in
- well
- work in
- bring
- float

* * *

introducir

♦ vt

1. [meter] [llave, carta] to put in, to insert;
Informát [datos] to input, to enter;
introdujo la moneda en la ranura she put o inserted the coin in the slot;

introdujo la carta en el sobre he put the letter in the envelope;

introduzca su número secreto enter your PIN number

2. [conducir] [persona] to show in;

introdujo a los visitantes en la sala de espera she showed the visitors into the waiting room

3. [en película, novela] to introduce;

en su última obra el autor introduce a dos nuevos personajes in his latest work the author introduces two new characters

4. [medidas, ley] to introduce, to bring in;

introdujeron un plan para combatir el desempleo they introduced o brought in a scheme to combat unemployment;

piensan introducir cambios en la ley they are planning to make changes to the law

5. [mercancías] to bring in, to introduce;

los españoles introdujeron los caballos en América the Spanish introduced horses to America;

una banda que introduce droga en el país a gang smuggling drugs into the country;

fue él quien introdujo las ideas revolucionarias en el país it was he who introduced o brought revolutionary ideas to the country

6. [dar a conocer]
introducir a alguien en to introduce sb to;

la introdujo en el mundo de la moda he introduced her to the world of fashion;

nos introdujo en los principios básicos de la astronomía he introduced us to the basic principles of astronomy

♦ See also the pronominal verb introducirse

* * *

introducir

v/t

1 introduce

2 ( meter) insert

3 INFOR input

* * *

introducir {61} vt

1) : to introduce

2) : to bring in

3) : to insert

4) : to input, to enter

♦ See also the reflexive verb introducirse

* * *

introducir vb

1. (meter) to insert / to put in [pt. & pp. put]

introduce la llave en la cerradura put the key in the lock

2. (aplicar) to introduce / to bring in [pt. & pp. brought]

han introducido un nuevo impuesto they've brought in a new tax

Spanish-English dictionary > introducir
10 Ford, Henry

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

[br]

b. 30 July 1863 Dearborn, Michigan, USA

d. 7 April 1947 Dearborn, Michigan, USA

[br]

American pioneer motor-car maker and developer of mass-production methods.

[br]

He was the son of an Irish immigrant farmer, William Ford, and the oldest son to survive of Mary Litogot; his mother died in 1876 with the birth of her sixth child. He went to the village school, and at the age of 16 he was apprenticed to Flower brothers' machine shop and then at the Drydock \& Engineering Works in Detroit. In 1882 he left to return to the family farm and spent some time working with a 1 1/2 hp steam engine doing odd jobs for the farming community at $3 per day. He was then employed as a demonstrator for Westinghouse steam engines. He met Clara Jane Bryant at New Year 1885 and they were married on 11 April 1888. Their only child, Edsel Bryant Ford, was born on 6 November 1893.

At that time Henry worked on steam engine repairs for the Edison Illuminating Company, where he became Chief Engineer. He became one of a group working to develop a "horseless carriage" in 1896 and in June completed his first vehicle, a "quadri cycle" with a two-cylinder engine. It was built in a brick shed, which had to be partially demolished to get the carriage out.

Ford became involved in motor racing, at which he was more successful than he was in starting a car-manufacturing company. Several early ventures failed, until the Ford Motor Company of 1903. By October 1908 they had started with production of the Model T. The first, of which over 15 million were built up to the end of its production in May 1927, came out with bought-out steel stampings and a planetary gearbox, and had a one-piece four-cylinder block with a bolt-on head. This was one of the most successful models built by Ford or any other motor manufacturer in the life of the motor car.

Interchangeability of components was an important element in Ford's philosophy. Ford was a pioneer in the use of vanadium steel for engine components. He adopted the principles of Frederick Taylor, the pioneer of time-and-motion study, and installed the world's first moving assembly line for the production of magnetos, started in 1913. He installed blast furnaces at the factory to make his own steel, and he also promoted research and the cultivation of the soya bean, from which a plastic was derived.

In October 1913 he introduced the "Five Dollar Day", almost doubling the normal rate of pay. This was a profit-sharing scheme for his employees and contained an element of a reward for good behaviour. About this time he initiated work on an agricultural tractor, the "Fordson" made by a separate company, the directors of which were Henry and his son Edsel.

In 1915 he chartered the Oscar II, a "peace ship", and with fifty-five delegates sailed for Europe a week before Christmas, docking at Oslo. Their objective was to appeal to all European Heads of State to stop the war. He had hoped to persuade manufacturers to replace armaments with tractors in their production programmes. In the event, Ford took to his bed in the hotel with a chill, stayed there for five days and then sailed for New York and home. He did, however, continue to finance the peace activists who remained in Europe. Back in America, he stood for election to the US Senate but was defeated. He was probably the father of John Dahlinger, illegitimate son of Evangeline Dahlinger, a stenographer employed by the firm and on whom he lavished gifts of cars, clothes and properties. He became the owner of a weekly newspaper, the Dearborn Independent, which became the medium for the expression of many of his more unorthodox ideas. He was involved in a lawsuit with the Chicago Tribune in 1919, during which he was cross-examined on his knowledge of American history: he is reputed to have said "History is bunk". What he actually said was, "History is bunk as it is taught in schools", a very different comment. The lawyers who thus made a fool of him would have been surprised if they could have foreseen the force and energy that their actions were to release. For years Ford employed a team of specialists to scour America and Europe for furniture, artefacts and relics of all kinds, illustrating various aspects of history. Starting with the Wayside Inn from South Sudbury, Massachusetts, buildings were bought, dismantled and moved, to be reconstructed in Greenfield Village, near Dearborn. The courthouse where Abraham Lincoln had practised law and the Ohio bicycle shop where the Wright brothers built their first primitive aeroplane were added to the farmhouse where the proprietor, Henry Ford, had been born. Replicas were made of Independence Hall, Congress Hall and the old City Hall in Philadelphia, and even a reconstruction of Edison's Menlo Park laboratory was installed. The Henry Ford museum was officially opened on 21 October 1929, on the fiftieth anniversary of Edison's invention of the incandescent bulb, but it continued to be a primary preoccupation of the great American car maker until his death.

Henry Ford was also responsible for a number of aeronautical developments at the Ford Airport at Dearborn. He introduced the first use of radio to guide a commercial aircraft, the first regular airmail service in the United States. He also manufactured the country's first all-metal multi-engined plane, the Ford Tri-Motor.

Edsel became President of the Ford Motor Company on his father's resignation from that position on 30 December 1918. Following the end of production in May 1927 of the Model T, the replacement Model A was not in production for another six months. During this period Henry Ford, though officially retired from the presidency of the company, repeatedly interfered and countermanded the orders of his son, ostensibly the man in charge. Edsel, who died of stomach cancer at his home at Grosse Point, Detroit, on 26 May 1943, was the father of Henry Ford II. Henry Ford died at his home, "Fair Lane", four years after his son's death.

[br]

Bibliography

1922, with S.Crowther, My Life and Work, London: Heinemann.

Further Reading

R.Lacey, 1986, Ford, the Men and the Machine, London: Heinemann. W.C.Richards, 1948, The Last Billionaire, Henry Ford, New York: Charles Scribner.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Ford, Henry
11 sacar de

v.

1 to draw from, to draw out of, to scoop from, to scoop out of.

Sacó la respuesta de lo obvio He deducted the answer from the obvious.

Sacó el anillo del barro He drew the ring from the mud.

2 to take off, to drive out of, to remove from.

Sacaron la mancha de la camisa They removed the stain from the shirt.

3 to take outside, to haul out of.

Sacó el conejo de la casa He took the rabbit outside the house.

4 to get out of, to force out from, to force from, to force out of.

Sacó el libro de la caja He got the book out of the box.

5 to draw from, to deduct from.

Sacó la respuesta de lo obvio He deducted the answer from the obvious.

6 to obtain from, to get out of.

Sacó información de María He obtained information from Mary.

7 to get out of.

8 to take out of, to extract from.

9 to be thrown out from, to be turned out from.

La sacaron del club She was turned out from the club.

* * *

(v.) = carry out of, wretch from, tilt + Nombre + out of, take from, catapult + Nombre + out of

Ex. The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.

Ex. When these studies are wrenched from their historical contexts the readers are given an impoverished version of the development of the field.

Ex. The appearance of a cafeteria worker to re-fill the salt and pepper shakers tilted her out of her fantasy.

Ex. Like the popular image of a prehistoric iceman taken from a glacier and warmed back to life, libraries were startled awake to a new information era = Como la imagen popular de un hombre prehistórico de la edad del hielo sacado de un glaciar y devuelto a la vida, las bibliotecas se despertaron sobresaltadas en una nueva era de la información.

Ex. Now that libraries have been catapulted out of the ice age by the online catalogue, they cannot afford to drift through the strong, variable winds of technological change.

* * *

(v.) = carry out of, wretch from, tilt + Nombre + out of, take from, catapult + Nombre + out of

Ex: The first printing presses had two moving parts: the carriage assembly, which carried the type and paper in and out of the press, and the impression assembly, by means of which the paper was pressed down on to the inked type.

Ex: When these studies are wrenched from their historical contexts the readers are given an impoverished version of the development of the field.

Ex: The appearance of a cafeteria worker to re-fill the salt and pepper shakers tilted her out of her fantasy.

Ex: Like the popular image of a prehistoric iceman taken from a glacier and warmed back to life, libraries were startled awake to a new information era = Como la imagen popular de un hombre prehistórico de la edad del hielo sacado de un glaciar y devuelto a la vida, las bibliotecas se despertaron sobresaltadas en una nueva era de la información.

Ex: Now that libraries have been catapulted out of the ice age by the online catalogue, they cannot afford to drift through the strong, variable winds of technological change.

Spanish-English dictionary > sacar de
12 ko|ń

Ⅰ m 1. Zool. horse
- koń pociągowy a carthorse, a draught horse GB, a draft horse US

- koń wierzchowy a. pod wierzch a saddle horse

- jechać na koniu to ride a horse

- wsiąść na a. dosiąść konia to get on a. to mount a horse

- zsiąść z konia to dismount

- wóz zaprzężony w konie a horse(-drawn) cart

- na koń a. do koni! to horse!

- zaprząc konia do powozu to harness a horse to a carriage

- osiodłać konia to saddle a horse
2. Gry knight
- zbił wieżę koniem he took the rook with his knight
3. Sport (vaulting) horse
- koń z łękami a pommel horse

- skakać przez konia to vault over the horse
Ⅱ konie plt (powóz) przest. carriage, coach
- przyślijcie po mnie konie na stację please send a carriage to pick me up at the station

- □ koń angielski thoroughbred

- koń arabski Arabian a. Arab (horse)

- koń belgijski Belgian (draught) horse GB, Belgian (draft) horse US

- koń berberyjski barb (horse)

- koń huculski Hucul (horse), Carpathian pony

- koń mechaniczny Techn. horsepower

- koń miękki Jeźdz. a horse with a soft mouth

- koń na biegunach rocking horse

- koń siodłowy przest. saddle horse

- koń twardy w pysku Jeźdz. a horse with a hard mouth

■ czarny koń pot. dark horse

- stary koń pot. (kolega) old man

- stary koń, a zachowujesz się jak dziecko a full-grown man like you acting like a baby

- być zdrowym jak koń to have the constitution of a horse

- jechać co koń wyskoczy książk. to go like a bat out of hell

- móc zjeść konia z kopytami pot. (to be so hungry that) one could eat a horse

- pracować jak koń to work like a horse a. Trojan

- znać się jak łyse konie pot. to know each other inside out pot.

- zrobić kogoś w konia pot. to take sb for a ride pot., to con sb pot.

- koń by się uśmiał (it’s) enough to make a cat laugh

- rad a. wesół a. szczęśliwy, jakby go kto na sto koni wsadził (to be) on cloud nine, (to be) in seventh heaven

- darowanemu koniowi nie zagląda się w zęby przysł. don’t a. never look a gift horse in the mouth przysł.

- jak spaść to z wysokiego konia przysł. might as well be hung for a sheep as a lamb przysł.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > ko|ń
13 Bahn

f; -, -en

1. (Weg) way, path; Bahn frei! make way!, stand aside!; fig.: die Bahn ist frei the road is clear; (für etw.) freie Bahn haben have the go-ahead, have the green light umg. (for s.th.); du hast freie Bahn it’s all yours; sich (Dat) Bahn brechen (sich durchsetzen) win through; Idee etc.: gain acceptance; (vorwärtskommen) forge ahead; einer Sache Bahn brechen pioneer s.th., blaze the trail for s.th.; auf die schiefe Bahn geraten oder kommen go astray, stray off the straight and narrow; in die richtige(n) Bahn(en) lenken direct into the right channels; sich in den gewohnten Bahnen bewegen move along the same old track, be stuck in the same old rut pej.; bewusst: keep to the well-trodden paths; wieder in geregelten Bahnen verlaufen be back to normal again; auf ähnlichen Bahnen along similar lines; jemanden aus der Bahn werfen oder bringen throw s.o. off track; seelisch etc.: knock s.o. sideways

2. (Eisenbahn) railway, Am. railroad; (Zug) train; (Straßenbahn) tram, Am. streetcar, trolley; mit der Bahn by train; Waren per Bahn schicken WIRTS. send goods by rail; ( mit der) Bahn fahren travel by train; ich fahre gern ( mit der) Bahn auch I enjoy travel(l)ing on trains, I enjoy rail travel; jemanden zur Bahn bringen take s.o. to the station, see s.o. off (at the station); jemanden von der Bahn abholen (go and) meet s.o. at the station; in der Bahn on the train; ich setze mich einfach auf die Bahn und komme morgen umg. I’ll just hop on a train and be with you tomorrow

3. nur Sg.; in BRD bis 1994 Behörde: railway (Am. railroad) authorities Pl. ( oder operators Pl.); bei der Bahn arbeiten work for the railway (Am. railroad)

4. (Fahrbahn) lane

5. (Flugbahn) trajectory

6. ASTRON., von Mond, Sonne: course; (Umlaufbahn) orbit (auch eines Elektrons); von Komet: path

7. SPORT

a) Anlage: (Rennbahn) track; (Eis-, Rollschuhbahn) rink; (Schlitten-, Bobbahn) run; (Kegelbahn) alley;

b) für einzelne Läufer, Schwimmer etc.: lane

8. von Tapete: length; aus Papier, Kunststoff: web; Tuch etc.: width; eines Rocks: gore

9. TECH., bei Amboss, Hammer, Hobel: face

10. TECH. (Führung) guide, track

* * *

die Bahn

(Eisenbahn) railway; railroad;

(Fahrbahn) lane;

(Planetenbahn) orbit;

(Rennbahn) course

* * *
[baːn]
f -, -en

1) (= Weg) path, track; (von Fluss) course; (fig) path; (= Fahrbahn) carriageway

Báhn frei! — make way!, (get) out of the way!

jdm/einer Sache die Báhn ebnen/frei machen (fig) — to pave/clear the way for sb/sth

die Báhn ist frei (fig) — the way is clear

Báhn brechen (lit) — to force one's way; (fig) to make headway; (Mensch) to forge ahead

Báhn brechen — to blaze the trail for sth

sich auf neuen Báhnen bewegen — to break new or fresh ground

in gewohnten Báhnen verlaufen (fig) — to go on in the same old way, to continue as before

von der rechten Báhn abkommen (geh) — to stray from the straight and narrow

jdn auf die rechte Báhn bringen (fig) — to put sb on the straight and narrow

etw in die richtige Báhn or die richtigen Báhnen lenken (fig) — to channel sth properly

jdn aus der Báhn werfen or schleudern (fig) — to throw sb off the track

See:

→ schief

2) (= Eisenbahn) railway (Brit), railroad (US); (= Straßenbahn) tram (esp Brit), streetcar (US); (= Zug) (der Eisenbahn, U-Bahn) train; (der Straßenbahn) tram (esp Brit), streetcar (US); (= Bahnhof) station; (Verkehrsnetz, Verwaltung) railway usu pl (Brit), railroad (US)

mit der or per Báhn — by train or rail/tram (esp Brit) or streetcar (US)

frei Báhn (Comm) — free on rail

er ist or arbeitet bei der Báhn — he's with the railways (Brit) or railroad (US), he works for or on the railways (Brit)

3) (SPORT) track; (für Pferderennen auch) course; (in Schwimmbecken) pool; (= Kegelbahn) (bowling) alley; (für einzelne Teilnehmer) lane; (= Schlittenbahn, Bobbahn) run

4) (PHYS, ASTRON) orbit, path; (= Raketenbahn, Geschossbahn) (flight) path, trajectory

5) (= Stoffbahn, Tapetenbahn) length, strip

6) (TECH von Werkzeug) face

* * *

die

1) (a long narrow area used for the games of bowling or skittles: a bowling alley.) alley

2) (a journey or course round something: the earth's circuit round the sun; three circuits of the race-track.) circuit

3) ((also racetrack) a course on which runners, cyclists etc race: a running track; ( also adjective) the 100 metres sprint and other track events.) track

* * *

Bahn

<-, -en>

[ba:n]

f

1. (Eisenbahn) train; (Straßenbahn) tram; (Verkehrsnetz, Verwaltung) railway[s]

mit der \Bahn/per \Bahn by train [or rail]

frei \Bahn ÖKON free on rail, carriage paid

2. SPORT track; Schwimmbecken lane; (Kegelbahn) alley; (Schlittenbahn, Bobbahn) run; (Pferderennbahn) course, track

3. ASTRON orbit, path

4. MIL [flight] path

5. (Stoffbahn, Tapetenbahn) length, strip

6. (Weg, Lauf) course; TRANSP (Fahrbahn) lane

\Bahn frei! make way!, mind your backs!

7.

▶ sich dat eine \Bahn brechen to force one's way, to make headway

▶ etw dat \Bahn brechen to blaze the trail for sth

▶ freie \Bahn [für etw akk/bei jdm] haben to have the go-ahead [for sth/from sb]

▶ aus der \Bahn geraten to get off track

▶ in geregelten \Bahnen verlaufen to take an orderly course

▶ etw in die richtigen \Bahnen lenken to lead sth in the right channels

▶ jdn auf die schiefe \Bahn bringen to get sb off the straight and narrow

▶ auf die schiefe \Bahn kommen [o geraten] to get off the straight and narrow

▶ jdn aus der \Bahn werfen to get sb off course

▶ jdn wieder auf die rechte \Bahn bringen to put sb back on the right track [or straight and narrow]

* * *

die; Bahn, Bahnen

1) (Weg) path; way; (von Wasser) course; (fig.)

einer Sache (Dat.) Bahn brechen — pave or prepare the way for something

jemanden aus der Bahn werfen od. bringen od. schleudern — knock somebody sideways

auf die schiefe Bahn geraten — go astray

2) (Strecke) path; (UmlaufBahn) orbit; (einer Rakete) [flight-] path; (eines Geschosses) trajectory

etwas [wieder] in die richtige Bahn lenken — (fig.) get something [back] on the right track

3) (Sport) track; (für Pferderennen) course (Brit.); track (Amer.); (für einzelne Teilnehmer) lane; (KegelBahn) alley; (SchlittenBahn, BobBahn) run; (BowlingBahn) lane

Bahn frei! — make way!; get out of the way!

4) (Fahrspur) lane

5) (EisenBahn) railways pl.; railroad (Amer.); (Zug) train

jemanden zur Bahn bringen/an der Bahn abholen — take somebody to/pick somebody up from the station

mit der Bahn — by train

Bahn fahren — go by train

6) (StraßenBahn) tram; streetcar (Amer.)

7) (Schienenweg) railway [track]

8) (Streifen) (StoffBahn) length; (TapetenBahn) strip; length

* * *

Bahn f; -, -en

1. (Weg) way, path;

Bahn frei! make way!, stand aside!; fig:

die Bahn ist frei the road is clear;

(für etwas) freie Bahn haben have the go-ahead, have the green light umg (for sth);

du hast freie Bahn it’s all yours;

sich (dat)

Bahn brechen (sich durchsetzen) win through; Idee etc: gain acceptance; (vorwärtskommen) forge ahead;

einer Sache Bahn brechen pioneer sth, blaze the trail for sth;

auf die schiefe Bahn geraten oder

kommen go astray, stray off the straight and narrow;

in die richtige(n) Bahn(en) lenken direct into the right channels;

sich in den gewohnten Bahnen bewegen move along the same old track, be stuck in the same old rut pej; bewusst: keep to the well-trodden paths;

wieder in geregelten Bahnen verlaufen be back to normal again;

auf ähnlichen Bahnen along similar lines;

jemanden aus der Bahn werfen oder

bringen throw sb off track; seelisch etc: knock sb sideways

2. (Eisenbahn) railway, US railroad; (Zug) train; (Straßenbahn) tram, US streetcar, trolley;

mit der Bahn by train;

Waren per Bahn schicken WIRTSCH send goods by rail;

(mit der) Bahn fahren travel by train;

ich fahre gern (mit der) Bahn auch I enjoy travel(l)ing on trains, I enjoy rail travel;

jemanden zur Bahn bringen take sb to the station, see sb off (at the station);

jemanden von der Bahn abholen (go and) meet sb at the station;

in der Bahn on the train;

ich setze mich einfach auf die Bahn und komme morgen umg I’ll just hop on a train and be with you tomorrow

3. nur sg; in BRD bis 1994 Behörde: railway (US railroad) authorities pl ( oder operators pl);

bei der Bahn arbeiten work for the railway (US railroad)

4. (Fahrbahn) lane

5. (Flugbahn) trajectory

6. ASTRON, von Mond, Sonne: course; (Umlaufbahn) orbit (auch eines Elektrons); von Komet: path

7. SPORT Anlage: (Rennbahn) track; (Eis-, Rollschuhbahn) rink; (Schlitten-, Bobbahn) run; (Kegelbahn) alley; für einzelne Läufer, Schwimmer etc: lane

8. von Tapete: length; aus Papier, Kunststoff: web; Tuch etc: width; eines Rocks: gore

9. TECH, bei Amboss, Hammer, Hobel: face

10. TECH (Führung) guide, track

* * *

die; Bahn, Bahnen

1) (Weg) path; way; (von Wasser) course; (fig.)

einer Sache (Dat.) Bahn brechen — pave or prepare the way for something

jemanden aus der Bahn werfen od. bringen od. schleudern — knock somebody sideways

auf die schiefe Bahn geraten — go astray

2) (Strecke) path; (UmlaufBahn) orbit; (einer Rakete) [flight-] path; (eines Geschosses) trajectory

etwas [wieder] in die richtige Bahn lenken — (fig.) get something [back] on the right track

3) (Sport) track; (für Pferderennen) course (Brit.); track (Amer.); (für einzelne Teilnehmer) lane; (KegelBahn) alley; (SchlittenBahn, BobBahn) run; (BowlingBahn) lane

Bahn frei! — make way!; get out of the way!

4) (Fahrspur) lane

5) (EisenBahn) railways pl.; railroad (Amer.); (Zug) train

jemanden zur Bahn bringen/an der Bahn abholen — take somebody to/pick somebody up from the station

mit der Bahn — by train

Bahn fahren — go by train

6) (StraßenBahn) tram; streetcar (Amer.)

7) (Schienenweg) railway [track]

8) (Streifen) (StoffBahn) length; (TapetenBahn) strip; length

* * *

-en f.

alley n.

course n.

path n.

pathway n.

railway n.

way n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Bahn
14 travers

travers [tʀavεʀ]

masculine noun

   a. ( = défaut) failing

• chacun a ses petits travers everyone has his little failings

• tomber dans le travers qui consiste à faire... to make the mistake of doing...

   b. travers (de porc) pork sparerib

   c. (locutions)

► à travers through

• voir qn à travers la vitre to see sb through the window

• sentir le froid à travers un manteau to feel the cold through a coat

• on est passé à travers champs we cut across the fields

• à travers les siècles through the centuries

• passer à travers les mailles du filet to slip through the net► au travers through

• la palissade est délabrée: on voit au travers/le vent passe au travers the fence is falling down and you can see through/the wind comes through

• passer au travers (figurative) to escape

• tout le monde a eu la grippe mais je suis passé au travers everyone had flu but I managed to avoid it► de travers ( = pas droit) crooked

• répondre de travers to give a silly answer

• comprendre de travers to misunderstand

• aller or marcher de travers to be going wrong

• avoir la bouche/le nez de travers to have a crooked mouth/nose

• marcher de travers [ivrogne] to stagger along

• planter un clou de travers to hammer a nail in crooked

• il répond toujours de travers he never gives a straight answer

• elle a mis son chapeau de travers she has put her hat on crooked

• il l'a regardé de travers he looked askance at him

• j'ai avalé de travers it went down the wrong way

• tout va de travers chez eux en ce moment everything is going wrong for them at the moment

• il prend tout de travers he takes everything the wrong way► en travers across

• couper/scier en travers to cut/saw across

• pose la planche en travers lay the plank across

• un arbre était en travers de la route there was a tree lying across the road

• le véhicule dérapa et se mit en travers (de la route) the vehicle skidded and stopped across the road

• se mettre en travers des projets de qn to stand in the way of sb's plans

• mettre un navire en travers

• se mettre en travers to heave to

* * *
tʀavɛʀ
1.

nom masculin invariable

1) ( petit défaut) foible, quirk; ( erreur) mistake

tomber dans le travers de la sensiblerie — to lapse into sentimentality

2) Nautisme ( côté) beam

3) Culinaire

travers de porc — sparerib

2.

à travers locution

1) ( ponctuel) [voir, regarder] through

passer à travers les mailles du filet — lit, fig to slip through the net

2) ( dans l'espace) [voyager, marcher] across

voyager à travers le monde — to travel all over the world

passer or aller or couper à travers champs — to cut across the fields

3) ( dans le temps) through

voyager à travers le temps — to travel through time

à travers l'histoire — throughout history

4) ( par l'intermédiaire de) through

à travers ces informations — through this information

3.

au travers locution ( en traversant) through

passer au travers de — fig to escape [contrôle, inspection]

il y a eu des licenciements, heureusement il est passé au travers — there have been redundancies, fortunately his job wasn't affected

4.

de travers locution adverbiale

1) ( dans une mauvaise position) askew

il a mis son chapeau de travers — he has put his hat on askew

ta veste est boutonnée de travers — your jacket is buttoned up wrongly

il a le nez de travers — he has a twisted nose

j'ai avalé de travers — lit it went down the wrong way

regarder quelqu'un de travers — fig to give somebody filthy looks, to glare at somebody

2) ( de façon inexacte) wrong, wrongly

tout va de travers aujourd'hui — everything's going wrong today

elle prend tout de travers — she takes everything the wrong way

comprendre de travers — to misunderstand

5.

en travers locution across

un bus était en travers de la route — a bus was stuck across the road

se mettre en travers de la route — [personnes] to stand in the middle of the road

se mettre en travers du chemin de quelqu'un — fig to get in somebody's way

rester en travers de la gorge de quelqu'un — (colloq) fig [attitude] to stick in somebody's throat; [propos] to be hard to swallow

* * *
tʀavɛʀ nm
1)

à travers — through

Cette vitre est tellement sale qu'on ne voit rien à travers. — This window is so dirty you can't see anything through it.

au travers de — through

en travers de — across

Il y avait un arbre en travers de la route. — There was a tree lying across the road.

de travers — crooked, askew

être de travers — to be crooked, to be askew

Son chapeau était de travers. — His hat was crooked.

regarder de travers — to look askance at

avaler de travers; J'ai avalé de travers. — Something went down the wrong way.

comprendre de travers — to get the wrong idea, to misunderstand

Elle comprend toujours tout de travers. — She always gets the wrong idea.

2) (= défaut) fault, failing

* * *

travers

A nm inv

1 ( petit défaut) foible, quirk; ( erreur) mistake; il n'a pas succombé à ce travers he didn't make that mistake; le film ne tombe jamais dans le travers de la sensiblerie the film never lapses into sentimentality;

2 Naut ( côté) beam; par le travers abeam;

3 Culin travers de porc sparerib.

B à travers loc

1 ( ponctuel) [voir, regarder] through; il est passé à travers tous les contrôles he slipped through all the checks; passer à travers les mailles du filet lit, fig to slip through the net; la vitre est si sale qu'on ne voit pas à travers the window is so dirty that you can't see through it; sentir le froid à travers ses gants to feel the cold through one's gloves;

2 ( dans l'espace) [voyager, marcher] across; voyager à travers l'Europe/le monde to travel across Europe/the world; passer or aller or couper à travers champs to cut across the fields; se promener à travers les prés to walk through the fields; la maladie affecte des milliers de gens à travers le monde the disease affects thousands of people across the world; le mouvement s'étend à travers le pays the movement is spreading through ou across the country;

3 ( dans le temps) through; voyager à travers le temps to travel through time; des événements qui se répètent à travers l'histoire events which recur through ou throughout history;

4 ( par l'intermédiaire de) through; je ne le connais qu'à travers ses écrits I only know him through his writing; c'est le racisme qu'ils combattent à travers lui they're fighting racism through him; à travers ces informations through this information.

C au travers loc

1 ( en traversant) through; passer au travers de fig to escape [contrôle, inspection]; il y a eu des licenciements, heureusement il est passé au travers there have been redundancies, fortunately his job wasn't affected;

2 ( par l'intermédiaire de) in; au travers d'une série d'entretiens in a series of interviews.

D de travers loc adv

1 ( dans une mauvaise position) askew; il a mis son chapeau de travers he has put his hat on askew; ta veste est boutonnée de travers your jacket is buttoned up wrongly; il a le nez de travers he has a twisted nose; marcher de travers to walk sideways; se garer de travers to park badly; j'ai avalé de travers lit it went down the wrong way; regarder qn de travers fig to give sb filthy looks, to glare at sb;

2 ( de façon inexacte) wrong, wrongly; tout va de travers aujourd'hui everything's going wrong today; quand elle est de mauvaise humeur, elle prend tout de travers when she's in a bad mood, she takes everything the wrong way; je fais tout de travers aujourd'hui I can't do anything right today; comprendre de travers to misunderstand.

E en travers loc ( en position transversale) across; un bus était en travers de la route a bus was sideways, blocking the road; se mettre en travers de la route [personnes] to stand in the middle of the road; la voiture a dérapé et s'est mise en travers de la route the car skidded and ended up sideways, blocking the road; se mettre en travers du chemin de qn fig to get in sb's way; avoir un os en travers de la gorge to have a bone stuck in one's throat; rester en travers de la gorge à qn○ fig [attitude, arrogance] to stick in sb's throat; [propos, insultes] to be hard to swallow; ⇒ long.

[travɛr] nom masculin

1. [largeur] breadth

sa voiture m'a heurté par le travers her car hit me broadside on

2. [viande]

travers (de porc) spare rib

3. NAUTIQUE

par le travers abeam, on the beam

4. (soutenu) [défaut] fault, shortcoming, failing

elle tombait dans les mêmes travers que ses prédécesseurs she displayed the same shortcomings as her predecessors

un petit travers a minor fault

————————

à travers locution prépositionnelle

through, across

à travers la fenêtre/le plancher/les barreaux through the window/the floor/the bars

à travers les âges throughout the centuries

prendre ou passer à travers champs to go through the fields ou across country

ils ont prêché à travers tout le pays they went preaching throughout the length and breadth of the country

passer à travers les mailles du filet PÊCHE (figuré) to slip through the net

j'ai réussi à passer à travers le contrôle fiscal I managed to escape the tax inspection

————————

au travers de locution prépositionnelle

1. [en franchissant] through

passer au travers des dangers to escape danger

2. [par l'intermédiaire de] through, by means of

son idée se comprend mieux au travers de cette comparaison his idea is easier to understand by means of this comparison

————————

de travers locution adjectivale

crooked

————————

de travers locution adverbiale

1. [en biais - couper] askew, aslant ; [ - accrocher] askew

marcher de travers [ivrogne] to stagger ou to totter along

la remorque du camion s'est mise de travers the truck jack-knifed

j'ai avalé mon pain de travers the bread went down the wrong way

2. [mal]

tu fais tout de travers! you do everything wrong!

elle comprend tout de travers! she gets everything wrong!, she always gets the wrong end of the stick!

regarder quelqu'un de travers to give somebody a funny look

tout va de travers everything's going wrong

répondre de travers to give the wrong answer

il prend tout ce qu'on lui dit de travers he takes everything the wrong way

————————

en travers locution adverbiale

1. [en largeur] sideways, across, crosswise

le wagon s'est mis en travers the carriage ended up sideways (across the tracks)

la remorque du camion s'est mise en travers the truck jack-knifed

2. NAUTIQUE abeam

————————

en travers de locution prépositionnelle

across

s'il se met en travers de mon chemin ou de ma route (figuré) if he stands in my way

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > travers
15 Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport, Mining and extraction technology, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 14 February 1793 Treator, near Padstow, Cornwall, England

d. 28 February 1875 Reeds, near Bude, Cornwall, England

[br]

English pioneer of steam road transport.

[br]

Educated at Truro Grammar School, he then studied under Dr Avery at Wadebridge to become a doctor of medicine. He settled as a surgeon in Wadebridge, spending his leisure time in building an organ and in the study of chemistry and mechanical science. He married Elizabeth Symons in 1814, and in 1820 moved with his wife to London. He delivered a course of lectures at the Surrey Institution on the elements of chemical science, attended by, amongst others, the young Michael Faraday. While there, Gurney made his first invention, the oxyhydrogen blowpipe. For this he received the Gold Medal of the Society of Arts. He experimented with lime and magnesia for the production of an illuminant for lighthouses with some success. He invented a musical instrument of glasses played like a piano.

In 1823 he started experiments related to steam and locomotion which necessitated taking a partner in to his medical practice, from which he resigned shortly after. His objective was to produce a steam-driven vehicle to run on common roads. His invention of the steam-jet of blast greatly improved the performance of the steam engine. In 1827 he took his steam carriage to Cyfarthfa at the request of Mr Crawshaw, and while there applied his steam-jet to the blast furnaces, greatly improving their performance in the manufacture of iron. Much of the success of George Stephenson's steam engine, the Rocket was due to Gurney's steam blast.

In July 1829 Gurney made a historic trip with his road locomotive. This was from London to Bath and back, which was accomplished at a speed of 18 mph (29 km/h) and was made at the instigation of the Quartermaster-General of the Army. So successful was the carriage that Sir Charles Dance started to run a regular service with it between Gloucester and Cheltenham. This ran for three months without accident, until Parliament introduced prohibitive taxation on all self-propelled vehicles. A House of Commons committee proposed that these should be abolished as inhibiting progress, but this was not done. Sir Goldsworthy petitioned Parliament on the harm being done to him, but nothing was done and the coming of the railways put the matter beyond consideration. He devoted his time to finding other uses for the steam-jet: it was used for extinguishing fires in coal-mines, some of which had been burning for many years; he developed a stove for the production of gas from oil and other fatty substances, intended for lighthouses; he was responsible for the heating and the lighting of both the old and the new Houses of Parliament. His evidence after a colliery explosion resulted in an Act of Parliament requiring all mines to have two shafts. He was knighted in 1863, the same year that he suffered a stroke which incapacitated him. He retired to his house at Reeds, near Bude, where he was looked after by his daughter, Anna.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1863. Society of Arts Gold Medal.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy
16 violento

adj.

1 violent.

2 violent, bitter, forceful.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: violentar.

* * *

violento

► adjetivo

1 (gen) violent

2 (vergonzoso) embarrassing, awkward

3 (molesto) embarrassed, awkward, ill at ease

4 (dicho, escrito) twisted, distorted

5 (postura) forced, unnatural

6 DEPORTE rough

* * *

(f. - violenta)

adj.

1) violent

2) embarrassing

* * *

ADJ

1) [acto, deporte, persona] violent

se produjo una violenta explosión — there was a violent explosion

murió de muerte violenta — he suffered a violent death

2) (=incómodo) awkward, uncomfortable

me fue muy violento verlo llorar — seeing him cry made me feel very awkward o uncomfortable

me encuentro violento estando con ellos — I feel awkward o I don't feel at ease when I'm with them

3) [postura] awkward

4) [interpretación] forced

5) (LAm) (=repentino) quick

tuvo que hacer un viaje violento — she had to make a sudden trip

* * *

- ta adjetivo

1) <choque/deporte/muerte> violent; < discurso> vehement; <persona/tono/temperamento> violent

2) ( incómodo) < situación> embarrassing, awkward

le es or resulta violento hablar del tema — she finds it embarrassing o difficult to talk about it

estaba muy violento — I felt very awkward o embarrassed

* * *

= violent, furious, crude [cruder -comp., crudest -sup.], virulent, savage, stormy [stormier -comp., stormiest -sup.], embarrassing, rough [rougher -comp., roughest -sup.], virulently, uneasy, uncomfortable, ill-at-ease, bloodthirsty.

Ex. There was a heavy and prolonged silence as Datto scrambled through his mind, trying to recollect the details of the event that had apparently trigerred this violent reaction.

Ex. 'Punch' satirised the opponents more cruelly: 'Here is an institution doomed to scare the furious devotees of laissez faire'.

Ex. Some unfortunate children grow up as readers of James Bond, of dashing thrillers and the blood-and-guts of crude war stories.

Ex. It is easy to become carried away by the sheer size of the so-called 'information explosion' and to regard the growth of literature as a phenomenon as threatening to civilization as a virulent epidemic or the 'population explosion' in the third world.

Ex. The most vulnerable nations are Burma, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, which have all experienced savage war and civil unrest in recent years.

Ex. The stormy period of the 50s and 60s are considered to have seriously damaged the cause of improving the salaries of librarians.

Ex. This is highly embarrassing for the innocent reader and for the apologetic library staff.

Ex. The changes for the latter group are going to be abrupt, and rough -- very revolutionary.

Ex. This work presents a startling contrast to the virulently anti-Catholic sentiments prevalent in 18th-century popular writing.

Ex. Hawthorne gave an uneasy laugh, which was merely the outlet for her disappointment.

Ex. And making matters worse, this uncomfortable group sat in a suburban sitting-room flooded with afternoon sunlight like dutifully polite guests at a formal coffee party.

Ex. One quite serious barrier to improvement is the reluctance of users to tell librarians of their feelings, but perhaps it is expecting too much of them to complain that they are ill-at-ease.

Ex. All the way through, the Jews are portrayed as bloodthirsty.

----

* cometer un acto violento = commit + violence.

* comportamiento violento = violent behaviour.

* no violento = nonviolent [non-violent].

* perturbado y violento = violently insane.

* reacción violenta = backlash.

* sentirse violento = look + uncomfortable.

* sentirse violento por = be embarrassed at.

* volverse violento = turn + violent.

* * *

- ta adjetivo

1) <choque/deporte/muerte> violent; < discurso> vehement; <persona/tono/temperamento> violent

2) ( incómodo) < situación> embarrassing, awkward

le es or resulta violento hablar del tema — she finds it embarrassing o difficult to talk about it

estaba muy violento — I felt very awkward o embarrassed

* * *

= violent, furious, crude [cruder -comp., crudest -sup.], virulent, savage, stormy [stormier -comp., stormiest -sup.], embarrassing, rough [rougher -comp., roughest -sup.], virulently, uneasy, uncomfortable, ill-at-ease, bloodthirsty.

Ex: There was a heavy and prolonged silence as Datto scrambled through his mind, trying to recollect the details of the event that had apparently trigerred this violent reaction.

Ex: 'Punch' satirised the opponents more cruelly: 'Here is an institution doomed to scare the furious devotees of laissez faire'.

Ex: Some unfortunate children grow up as readers of James Bond, of dashing thrillers and the blood-and-guts of crude war stories.

Ex: It is easy to become carried away by the sheer size of the so-called 'information explosion' and to regard the growth of literature as a phenomenon as threatening to civilization as a virulent epidemic or the 'population explosion' in the third world.

Ex: The most vulnerable nations are Burma, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, which have all experienced savage war and civil unrest in recent years.

Ex: The stormy period of the 50s and 60s are considered to have seriously damaged the cause of improving the salaries of librarians.

Ex: This is highly embarrassing for the innocent reader and for the apologetic library staff.

Ex: The changes for the latter group are going to be abrupt, and rough -- very revolutionary.

Ex: This work presents a startling contrast to the virulently anti-Catholic sentiments prevalent in 18th-century popular writing.

Ex: Hawthorne gave an uneasy laugh, which was merely the outlet for her disappointment.

Ex: And making matters worse, this uncomfortable group sat in a suburban sitting-room flooded with afternoon sunlight like dutifully polite guests at a formal coffee party.

Ex: One quite serious barrier to improvement is the reluctance of users to tell librarians of their feelings, but perhaps it is expecting too much of them to complain that they are ill-at-ease.

Ex: All the way through, the Jews are portrayed as bloodthirsty.

* cometer un acto violento = commit + violence.

* comportamiento violento = violent behaviour.

* no violento = nonviolent [non-violent].

* perturbado y violento = violently insane.

* reacción violenta = backlash.

* sentirse violento = look + uncomfortable.

* sentirse violento por = be embarrassed at.

* volverse violento = turn + violent.

* * *

violento¹ -ta

adjective

A

1 ‹choque/deporte/muerte› violent; ‹discusión› violent, heated; ‹discurso› vehement

utilizar métodos/medios violentos to use violent methods/means

2 ‹persona/tono/temperamento› violent

B

(incómodo): le resulta violento hablar del tema she finds it embarrassing o difficult to talk about it

estaba muy violento I felt very awkward o embarrassed o uncomfortable

¡qué situación más violenta! how embarrassing!

violento²

adverb

( Per fam) quickly

* * *

Del verbo violentar: ( conjugate violentar)

violento es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

violentó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
violentar
violento
violentar ( conjugate violentar) verbo transitivo
a) ( forzar) ‹cerradura/puerta› to force;

‹ persona› to rape
b) ( poner en situación embarazosa) to make … feel awkward

violentarse verbo pronominal
to get embarrassed
violento
◊ -ta adjetivo

1 ( en general) violent;
◊ utilizar medios violentos to use violent means

2 ( incómodo) ‹ situación› embarrassing, awkward;
◊ le resulta violento hablar del tema she finds it embarrassing to talk about it;

estaba muy violento I felt very awkward
violentar verbo transitivo
1 (incomodar) to embarrass
2 (enfadar) to infuriate
3 (violar) to rape
4 (forzar una puerta, cerradura, etc) to force
violento,-a adjetivo
1 (una persona, tormenta, muerte, etc) violent
2 (una situación) embarrassing: se sintió muy violenta, she felt very awkward
' violento' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abrupta
- abrupto
- cacharrazo
- castaña
- dura
- duro
- impetuosa
- impetuoso
- vándala
- vándalo
- violenta
- bestia
- bruto
- cochino
- enojoso
- fuerte
- gamberrada
- gamberrismo
- molesto
- remolino
English:
aggressive
- appal
- appall
- bang
- bring out
- fierce
- furious
- horseplay
- onslaught
- rough
- rough-and-tumble
- sense
- smash-up
- trouble
- video nasty
- violent
- wild
- burning
- embarrassed
- harsh
- savage
- smash
- sticky

* * *

violento, -a

♦ adj

1. [persona, deporte, acción] violent;

muerte violenta violent death;

se hicieron con el parlamento por medios violentos they took control of the parliament by violent means

2. [intenso] [pasión, tempestad] intense, violent;
[viento] fierce;
los despertó una violenta sacudida del wagón they were awoken when the carriage gave a violent jolt

3. [incómodo] awkward;

aquello lo puso en una situación muy violenta that put him in a very awkward situation;

me resulta violento hablar con ella I feel awkward talking to her

♦ nmpl

los violentos the men of violence

* * *

violento

adj

1 violent;

morir de muerte violenta die a violent death

2 situación embarrassing; persona embarrassed

* * *

violento, -ta adj

1) : violent

2) embarazoso, incómodo: awkward, embarassing

* * *

violento adj

1. (en general) violent

una persona violenta a violent person

2. (incómodo) awkward

se sentía violento porque no conocía a nadie he felt awkward because he didn't know anyone

Spanish-English dictionary > violento
17 passage

passage [pαsaʒ]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = venue) guetter le passage du facteur to watch for the postman

• observer le passage des oiseaux dans le ciel to watch the birds fly over

• lors d'un récent passage à Paris on a recent trip to Paris

• « passage interdit » "no entry"

• il y a beaucoup de passage l'été a lot of people pass through here in the summer

► de passage

• clients de passage passing trade

• il est de passage à Paris he is in Paris at the moment

   b. ( = transfert) le passage de l'enfance à l'adolescence the transition from childhood to adolescence

• son passage en classe supérieure est problématique he may have to stay down

• passage à l'acte taking action

   c. ( = lieu) passage ; ( = chemin) way ; ( = rue) passage

• un passage dangereux sur la falaise a dangerous section of the cliff

• on se retourne sur son passage people turn round and look when he goes past

• l'ouragan dévasta tout sur son passage the hurricane demolished everything in its path

• va plus loin, tu gênes le passage move along, you're blocking the way

• ne laissez pas vos valises dans le passage don't leave your cases in the way

   d. ( = fragment) [de livre, symphonie] passage

• il a eu un passage à vide (baisse de forme) he went through a bad patch

• j'ai toujours un petit passage à vide vers 16 h I always start to flag around 4 o'clock

   e. ( = traversée) [de rivière, limite, montagnes] crossing

2. compounds

► passage clouté pedestrian crossing

► passage à niveau level crossing (Brit), grade crossing (US)

► passage obligé

• cette école est le passage obligé pour les hauts fonctionnaires this school is the place to go if you want to be a top civil servant ► passage piétons, passage pour piétons pedestrian walkway

► passage protégé (Automobiles) right of way (over secondary roads)

► passage souterrain underground passage ; (pour piétons) underpass

* * *
pasaʒ
nom masculin

1) ( circulation)

interdire le passage des camions dans la ville — to ban trucks from (driving through) the town

une rue où il y a beaucoup de passage — ( véhicules) a street where there's a lot of traffic

2) ( séjour)

ton passage dans la ville a été bref — your stay in the town was brief

un petit passage chez le teinturier ne lui ferait pas de mal — a visit to the dry-cleaners' wouldn't do it any harm

après un bref passage dans la fonction publique — after a short spell in the civil service

3) ( visite en chemin)

était-ce après le passage du facteur? — was it after the postman had come ou been?

manquer le passage des cigognes — to miss the storks going over

je peux te prendre au passage — I can pick you up on the way

des hôtes de passage — short-stay guests

4) ( franchissement)

‘passage interdit, voie privée’ — ‘no entry, private road’

pour permettre le passage de la lumière — in order to let the light in

pour empêcher le passage de l'air — in order to prevent draughts GB ou drafts US

pour laisser or céder le passage à l'ambulance — in order to let the ambulance go past

on se retourne sur leur passage — people's heads turn as they go past

notons au passage que... — fig let's note in passing that...

se servir au passage — lit ( en passant) to help oneself; fig ( légalement) to take a cut (of the profits); ( illégalement) to pocket some of the profits

passage en ferry — ferry crossing

le passage à gué du bras de mer est possible à marée basse — the sound can be forded at low tide

5) (à la radio, télévision, au théâtre)

leur troisième passage à l'Olympia — the third time they've been to the Olympia

ton passage sur scène a été remarqué — you made a great impact on stage

chaque passage de votre chanson à la radio — every time your song is played on the radio

6) ( chemin emprunté) ( par une personne) way; ( par une chose) path

prévoir le passage de câbles — to plan the route of cables

7) ( à une situation nouvelle)

passage (de quelque chose) à quelque chose — transition (from something) to something

passage à la phase suivante — progression to the next phase

son passage dans la classe supérieure est compromis — he/she won't be allowed to move up into the next year GB ou grade US

rites de passage — rites of passage

8) ( petite rue) alley; ( dans un bâtiment) passageway

9) (de roman, symphonie) passage; ( de film) sequence

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- passage à l'acte

- passage clouté

- passage à niveau

- passage obligé

- passage pour piétons

- passage protégé

- passage souterrain

- passage à tabac

- passage à vide

* * *
pɒsaʒ nm
1)

Ils s'arrêtaient de travailler au passage du train. — They stopped working as the train passed.

Nous l'avons vu lors de notre passage à Brest. — We saw him when we passed through Brest.

sur le passage du cortège — along the route of the procession

au passage (alors que l'on passe) — on the way, [remarquer] in passing

au passage de; Il a été éclaboussé au passage de la voiture. — He was soaked by a passing car.

des touristes de passage — tourists who are passing through

Nous sommes de passage à Toulouse. — We're just passing through Toulouse.

2) (= accès, chemin) way

des troncs d'arbre barraient le passage — tree trunks blocked the way

"laissez le passage" — "keep clear"

"n'obstruez pas le passage" — "do not obstruct"

3) (= prix de la traversée) passage

4) (= extrait de livre) passage

J'ai traduit un passage de ce livre. — I translated a passage from this book.

* * *

passage nm

1 ( circulation) interdire le passage des camions dans la ville to ban trucks from (driving through) the town; une rue où il y a beaucoup de passage ( piétons) a street where there are a lot of passers-by; ( véhicules) a street where there's a lot of traffic; isoler les fenêtres pour empêcher le passage de l'air to seal the windows to prevent draughts GB ou drafts US;

2 ( séjour) ton bref passage dans la ville a été très remarqué your stay in the town was brief but did not go unnoticed; lors de son passage ici il a oublié son parapluie when he was here he left his umbrella; un petit passage chez le teinturier ne lui ferait pas de mal a visit to the dry-cleaners' wouldn't do it any harm; après un bref passage dans la fonction publique after a short spell in the civil service;

3 ( visite en chemin) attendre le passage du boulanger to wait for the baker's van to come; était-ce avant ou après le passage du facteur? was it before or after the postman had been?; manquer le passage des cigognes to miss the storks going over; le passage du prochain bus est à 10 heures the next bus is at 10 o'clock; je peux te prendre au passage I can pick you up on the way; il est de passage en France/dans notre ville he is passing through France/our town; des voyageurs de passage travellers who are passing through; des hôtes de passage short-stay guests; elle n'a que des amants de passage she only has casual relationships;

4 ( franchissement) ‘passage interdit, voie privée’ ‘no entry, private road’; pour permettre le passage de la lumière in order to let the light in; les voitures se sont garées pour laisser or céder le passage à l'ambulance the cars pulled over to let the ambulance go past; on se retourne sur ton passage you make people's heads turn as you go past; notons au passage que… fig let's note in passing that…; se servir au passage lit ( en passant) to help oneself; fig ( légalement) to take a cut (of the profits); ( illégalement) to pocket some of the profits; passage en ferry/hovercraft ferry/hovercraft crossing; le passage à gué du bras de mer est possible à marée basse the sound can be forded at low tide; la voiture a peiné lors du passage du col the car had a hard time crossing the pass;

5 (à la radio, télévision, au théâtre) c'est leur troisième passage à l'Olympia it's the third time they've been to the Olympia; ton passage sur scène/à la télévision a été très remarqué you made a great impact on stage/on the television; chaque passage de votre chanson à la radio vous rapportera des droits d'auteur you'll get royalties every time your song is played on the radio;

6 ( chemin emprunté) ( par une personne) way; ( par une chose) path; prévoir le passage du tout-à-l'égout/de câbles to plan the route of the main sewer/of cables; pour aller jusqu'au sommet il y a plusieurs passages possibles there are several possible ways of getting to the summit; pousse-toi tu es dans mon passage move! you're in my way!; barrer le passage à qn to bar sb's way;

7 ( à une situation nouvelle) passage (de qch) à qch transition (from sth) to sth; passage à la deuxième étape/la phase suivante progression to the second stage/the next phase; son passage dans la classe supérieure est compromis he/she won't be allowed to move up into the next class GB ou grade US; les rites initiatiques de passage à l'âge adulte the rites of passage into adulthood;

8 ( petite rue) alley; ( dans un bâtiment) passageway;

9 (de roman, symphonie) passage; ( de film) sequence;

10 Équit passage.

Composés

passage à l'acte Psych acting out; passage clouté† = passage pour piétons; passage à niveau level crossing GB, grade crossing US; passage obligé prerequisite (pour for); passage pour piétons pedestrian crossing, crosswalk US; passage protégé right of way; passage souterrain underground passage; ( sous une rue) subway; passage à tabac beating; subir un passage à tabac to be beaten up; passage à vide gén bad patch; (pour un acteur, artiste) unproductive period.

[pasaʒ] nom masculin

A.[MOUVEMENT]

1. [allées et venues]

prochain passage du car dans deux heures the coach will be back ou will pass through again in two hours' time

chaque passage du train faisait trembler les vitres the windows shook every time a train went past

laisser le passage à quelqu'un/une ambulance to let somebody/an ambulance through, to make way for somebody/an ambulance

ils attendaient le passage des coureurs they were waiting for the runners to go by

les gens se retournent sur son passage heads turn when he walks by ou past

‘passage de troupeaux’ ‘cattle crossing’

2. [circulation] traffic

3. [arrivée, venue]

elle attend le passage de l'autobus she's waiting for the bus

4. [visite] call, visit

c'est le seul souvenir qui me reste de mon passage chez eux that's the only thing I remember of my visit to them

lors de mon prochain passage à Paris next time I'm in Paris

‘le relevé du compteur sera fait lors de notre prochain passage’ ‘we will read your meter the next time we call’

5. [franchissement - d'une frontière, d'un fleuve] crossing ; [ - d'un col] passing ; [ - de la douane] passing (through)

après le passage du sucre dans l'urine after the sugar has gone ou passed into the urine

‘passage interdit’ ‘no entry’

passage à l'ennemi MILITAIRE going over to the enemy

6. [changement, transition] change, transition

le passage de l'hiver au printemps the change ou passage from winter to spring

le passage de l'autocratie à la démocratie the changeover ou transition from autocracy to democracy

7. [dans une hiérarchie] move

passage d'un employé à l'échelon supérieur promotion of an employee to a higher grade

le passage dans la classe supérieure ÉDUCATION going ou moving up to the next class (UK) ou grade (US)

8. [voyage sur mer, traversée] crossing

ils travaillaient durement pour payer leur passage they worked hard to pay their passage ou to pay for their crossing

9. ASTRONOMIE transit

10. INFORMATIQUE

passage machine run

11. PSYCHOLOGIE

passage à l'acte acting out

12. RADIO & THÉÂTRE & TÉLÉVISION

lors de son dernier passage à la télévision

a. [personne] last time he was on TV

b. [film] last time it was shown on TV

pour son premier passage au Théâtre du Rocher for her first appearance at the Théâtre du Rocher

B.[VOIE]

1. [chemin] passage, way

enlève ton sac du passage move your bag out of the way

il y a des passages dangereux dans la grotte there are some dangerous passages in the cave

donner ou livrer passage à quelqu'un/quelque chose to let somebody/something in

essaye de trouver un passage dans cette foule try to find a way through the crowd

passage secret secret passage

2. [ruelle] alley, passage

[galerie commerçante] arcade

passage couvert passageway

3. [tapis de couloir] runner

4. AUTOMOBILE

passage de roue wheel housing

5. RAIL

passage à niveau level crossing (UK), grade crossing (US)

6. TRAVAUX PUBLICS

passage clouté ou (pour) piétons pedestrian ou zebra crossing (UK), crosswalk (US)

passage protégé priority over secondary roads

passage souterrain (pedestrian) subway (UK), underpass

C.[D'UN FILM, D'UN ROMAN] passage, section

elle m'a lu quelques passages de la lettre de Paul she read me a few passages from Paul's letter

tu te souviens du passage où ils se rencontrent? do you remember the bit where they meet?

————————

au passage locution adverbiale

[sur un trajet] on one's ou the way

les enfants doivent attraper la cocarde au passage the children have to catch the ribbon as they go past

(figuré) in passing

j'ai noté au passage que... I noticed in passing that...

————————

au passage de locution prépositionnelle

au passage du carrosse, la foule applaudissait when the carriage went past ou through, the crowd clapped

————————

de passage locution adjectivale

[client] casual

être de passage [voyageur] to be passing through

je suis de passage à Paris I'm in Paris for a few days

————————

sur le passage de locution prépositionnelle

la foule s'est massée sur le passage du marathon the crowd gathered on the marathon route

passage à tabac nom masculin

beating up

passage à vide nom masculin

avoir un passage à vide

a. [syncope] to feel faint, to faint

b. [moralement] to go through a bad patch

c. [intellectuellement] to have a lapse in concentration

j'ai eu un petit passage à vide juste avant midi I was feeling a bit faint just before lunch

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > passage
18 Ma Jun (Ma Chun)

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Textiles

[br]

fl. 220–265 China

[br]

Chinese engineer and inventor.

[br]

Ma Jun was active at the court of Emperor Ming Ti and achieved several useful inventions in a number of fields. First, he made improvements in the silk-weaving loom by simplifying the heddles and treadles, thereby enabling a greater variety of patterns to be woven. Second, he constructed a "south pointing carriage", which was a two-wheeled cart with a train of gears arranged so that whichever direction the vehicle turned, the figure mounted on top of it would always point south. This may seem trivial, but the carriage may have had useful applications, possibly in surveying. During the period 227 to 239, Ma Jun also made a square-pallet chain pump, usually attributed to Bi Lan (186 AD), Loyang, that was used to irrigate parks and gardens. Other inventions included rotary ballistae and mechanical toys that were worked by water power, such as puppets operated by horizontal jack wheels.

[br]

Further Reading

J.Needham, Science and Civilisation in China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965, Vol. IV, 2, pp. 39–42, 286–8, 295, 303, 346, 350, 524, 532–3.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Ma Jun (Ma Chun)
19 פסק

פָּסַק(b. h. פָּשַׂק) (to separate, part, distribute, 1) to divide, split, interrupt. Taan.27b; Meg.22a פּוֹסֵק the reader divides (one verse), i. e. the first reads two verses and a half, leaving the other half to be read by his successor. Ib. לא התיר לי לִפְסוֹקוכ׳ he permitted me to cut a verse in two only in teaching the school children. Ib. 31b במשנה תורה פוסק the chapter in Deuteronomy containing the curses (Deut. 28:15–69) may be divided (to be read by two or more); a. fr.(Gen. R. s. 10 כיון שפסקה; Yalk. ib. 16 שפוסקה, v. פָּתַק.Part. pass. פָּסוּק; f. פְּסוּקָה. Ḥull.III, 3 פְּסוּקַת הגרגרת, v. גַּרְגֶּרֶת. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּק) to recite a verse. Ḥag.15a, sq. פְּסוֹק לי פְּסוּקְךָ (interch. with Chald. פסוק לי פסוקיך) recite to me thy Bible verse (recently learned). 3) (cmp. חָתַךְ, גָּזַר) to apportion, assign; to provide; to promise, agree. Keth.65a אין פּוֹסְקִין יינות לאשה in decreeing alimentation for a woman we do not provide for wine. Ib. כך תִּפְסְקוּ לבנותיכם so much (and no more) may ye grant to your daughters. Ib. 107a פוסקין מזונות לאשת איש the court assigns alimentation (from the estate) to a deserted wife. Ib. V, 8 לא פ׳ … אלאוכ׳ only R. Y. decreed barley as a part of alimentation, because he lived near Edom. Ib. פוסק לעומתןוכ׳ he must give her, v. עוּמָּה. Ib. VI, 2 הפוסק מעות לחתנו if a man agrees to pay a certain amount to his intended son-in-law (on the date of marriage). Ib. 3 פָּסְקָה להכניס … הוא פוסקוכ׳ if she promises to bring to him one thousand Denars, he must assign to her (as settlement in the Kthubah) fifteen Manehs. Tosef. ib. XIII (XII), 1 אם פָּסְקוּ לה … מה שפסקו פסקו if the court has granted her (alimentation), what they have granted, is granted. Ib. פסקה היא לעצמה (not על עצמה) if she herself has promised (to bring her husband a certain sum, and now her father refuses to give it). Ib. אבה פ׳ עליוכ׳ my father has promised for me; what can I do (if he retracts)?; Keth.XIII, 5. Y.Kidd.IV, 65c top פּוֹסְקֵי צדקה ברביםוכ׳ those who subscribe to a charity in public and refuse to pay; Taan.8b; a. v. fr. 4) to fix a price; to buy on time. Gitt.58a אפדנו בכל ממון שפוסקין עליו I will redeem him for any price that they may set on him. B. Mets.V, 7 אין פוסקין … עד שיצא השער you dare not fix a price on crops (buy on time), until the market price has been published. Ib. יצא השער פוסקין ואע״פ שאין לזה יש לזה (missing in Y. ed.) when the market price is out, you may buy, for although he (the seller) has no goods as yet, others have. Ib. פוסק עמו על הגדיש, v. גָּדִיש; a. v. fr. 5) פ׳ דברים ( to split words, to argue. Snh.44b פיסקון שפוסק דברים כלפי מעלה Gabriel is surnamed Pisḳon, because he argues with the Lord. 6) (neut. verb) to be cut off; to cease, be stopped. Sot.IX, 9 משרבו … פסקו המים המרים … הפסיקן when the faithless men became frequent, the application of the waters of jealousy ceased, and it was R. J. ben Z. that abolished them. Ib. 12 פסקו אנשי אמונה the men of faith ceased to exist. Tanḥ. Shmoth 16 אין אותה מצוה פוֹסֶקֶת מביתו that good deed shall never cease from (being practiced in) his house. Gen. R. s. 52 פסקו העוברים והשבים travellers ceased to pass by; a. v. fr. Nif. נִפְסַק to be split, cut in two, broken. Tosef.B. Kam. XI, 15; B. Kam. 119b הנ׳ במגירה chips at planing, v. גָּרַר I. Ḥull.III, 1 נשברה השדרה ונ׳ החוט שלה if the spinal column is broken and the spinal cord severed. Sabb.112a סנדל שנִפְסְקוּ שתי אזניו a sandal, both ears (loops) of which are torn off; Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. IV, 5 שנִתְפַּסְּקוּ; Kel. XXVI, 4; a. fr.Tosef.Mikv.III, 5, sq. ונפסקו, v. פָּתַק. Hif. הִפְסִיק 1) to separate, sever connection; to form a partition. Sot.38b אפי׳ מחיצה … אינה מַפְסֶקֶת ביןוכ׳ not even an iron wall forms a partition between Israel and his father in heaven (worshippers form a congregation even if separated by a partition); Pes.85b. Peah. I, 2 ואלו מַפְסִיקִין לפאה the following things form a division of fields with regard to Peah: a brook Ab. Zar.52a אתה׳ הענין the word eth (before ĕlohehem Deut. 12:2) divides the subject (so as not to allow an analogy between idolatrous utensils and the idols themselves), v. next w.; a. fr. 2) to interrupt; to cause to cease; to leave off; to pause. Ber.II, 2 בין ויאמר לאמת ויציב לא יַפְסִיק between the last portion of the Sh‘mʿa (Num. 15:37–41) and ‘Ĕmeth Vyatsib one must not pause (interrupt the prayer to greet a person). Ib. 14a במגילה מהו שיפסיק may one interrupt ones self during the reading of the Mgillah? (Ib. also פּוֹסֵק Kal. Ib. 5:1. Ex. R. s. 2 עם כל הנביאיםה׳ מלדבר … לאה׳ מימיו with all other prophets the Lord ceased from speaking at times, but with Moses he never ceased. Taan.30a סעודה המַפְסִיק בה the meal with which one ceases (the last meal before beginning to fast, called סעודה המַפְסֶקֶת). Y.Nidd.I, 49c והִפְסִיקָה שלש עונות and ceased (to have menstruation) for three periods. Meg.III, 6 אין מַפְסִיקִין בקללותוכ׳ in reading the curses (Lev. 26:14–44; Deut. 28:15–69) you must not break off, but one person must read the whole Ib. 31b מקום שמפסיקין בשבתוכ׳ where they leave off reading on Sabbath morning, there they continue in the afternoon Sot.IX, 9, v. supra. Gen. R. s. 52, beg. מה אני מפסיק צדקה מביתי shall I allow charity to cease in my house (to fall into desuetude from want of opportunity)?; a. fr. 3) to cut sprays off, trim, v. פָּסַג. 4) to dam. Tosef.Par.V (IV), 9 מפסיק ומנגב he makes a dam (cuts off the influx) and lays the cavity dry. Pi. פִּיסֵּק 1) to trim. Tosef.B. Kam. XI, 18, v. פָּסַג. 2) to interrupt.Part. pass. מְפוּסָּק; pl. מְפוּסָּקִין. Y.Pes.X, 37c; Y.Sabb.VIII, beg.11a מהו לשתותן מפ׳ how about drinking them (the four cups of the Passover evening) in pauses (sipping)?, v. פִּיסָּק. 3) to cut down, ruin; to cut to pieces. Pesik. Naḥ., p. 128a> קיצצוהו ופִיסְּקוּהוּ they cut it down and ruined it (the vineyard). Lam. R. to IV, 15 והיתה … עליהן ומְפַסַּקְתָּן the carriage passed over them and dismembered them; Pesik. Vattom., p. 133b> ומפסקתה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Is. 266 והיתה … עליה ומְפַסַּקְתָּהּ; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְפַּסֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְפַּסֵּק 1) to be severed. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. IV, 5, v. supra. 2) (sub. בעינים, cmp. קרץ, Prov. 10:10; 6:13) to blink. Deut. R. s. 5 עשה עצמו מִתְפַּסֵּק he pretended to be blinking (Y.Sot.I, 16d bot., a. e. עבד גרמיה חשש בעייניה).

Jewish literature > פסק
20 פָּסַק

פָּסַק(b. h. פָּשַׂק) (to separate, part, distribute, 1) to divide, split, interrupt. Taan.27b; Meg.22a פּוֹסֵק the reader divides (one verse), i. e. the first reads two verses and a half, leaving the other half to be read by his successor. Ib. לא התיר לי לִפְסוֹקוכ׳ he permitted me to cut a verse in two only in teaching the school children. Ib. 31b במשנה תורה פוסק the chapter in Deuteronomy containing the curses (Deut. 28:15–69) may be divided (to be read by two or more); a. fr.(Gen. R. s. 10 כיון שפסקה; Yalk. ib. 16 שפוסקה, v. פָּתַק.Part. pass. פָּסוּק; f. פְּסוּקָה. Ḥull.III, 3 פְּסוּקַת הגרגרת, v. גַּרְגֶּרֶת. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּק) to recite a verse. Ḥag.15a, sq. פְּסוֹק לי פְּסוּקְךָ (interch. with Chald. פסוק לי פסוקיך) recite to me thy Bible verse (recently learned). 3) (cmp. חָתַךְ, גָּזַר) to apportion, assign; to provide; to promise, agree. Keth.65a אין פּוֹסְקִין יינות לאשה in decreeing alimentation for a woman we do not provide for wine. Ib. כך תִּפְסְקוּ לבנותיכם so much (and no more) may ye grant to your daughters. Ib. 107a פוסקין מזונות לאשת איש the court assigns alimentation (from the estate) to a deserted wife. Ib. V, 8 לא פ׳ … אלאוכ׳ only R. Y. decreed barley as a part of alimentation, because he lived near Edom. Ib. פוסק לעומתןוכ׳ he must give her, v. עוּמָּה. Ib. VI, 2 הפוסק מעות לחתנו if a man agrees to pay a certain amount to his intended son-in-law (on the date of marriage). Ib. 3 פָּסְקָה להכניס … הוא פוסקוכ׳ if she promises to bring to him one thousand Denars, he must assign to her (as settlement in the Kthubah) fifteen Manehs. Tosef. ib. XIII (XII), 1 אם פָּסְקוּ לה … מה שפסקו פסקו if the court has granted her (alimentation), what they have granted, is granted. Ib. פסקה היא לעצמה (not על עצמה) if she herself has promised (to bring her husband a certain sum, and now her father refuses to give it). Ib. אבה פ׳ עליוכ׳ my father has promised for me; what can I do (if he retracts)?; Keth.XIII, 5. Y.Kidd.IV, 65c top פּוֹסְקֵי צדקה ברביםוכ׳ those who subscribe to a charity in public and refuse to pay; Taan.8b; a. v. fr. 4) to fix a price; to buy on time. Gitt.58a אפדנו בכל ממון שפוסקין עליו I will redeem him for any price that they may set on him. B. Mets.V, 7 אין פוסקין … עד שיצא השער you dare not fix a price on crops (buy on time), until the market price has been published. Ib. יצא השער פוסקין ואע״פ שאין לזה יש לזה (missing in Y. ed.) when the market price is out, you may buy, for although he (the seller) has no goods as yet, others have. Ib. פוסק עמו על הגדיש, v. גָּדִיש; a. v. fr. 5) פ׳ דברים ( to split words, to argue. Snh.44b פיסקון שפוסק דברים כלפי מעלה Gabriel is surnamed Pisḳon, because he argues with the Lord. 6) (neut. verb) to be cut off; to cease, be stopped. Sot.IX, 9 משרבו … פסקו המים המרים … הפסיקן when the faithless men became frequent, the application of the waters of jealousy ceased, and it was R. J. ben Z. that abolished them. Ib. 12 פסקו אנשי אמונה the men of faith ceased to exist. Tanḥ. Shmoth 16 אין אותה מצוה פוֹסֶקֶת מביתו that good deed shall never cease from (being practiced in) his house. Gen. R. s. 52 פסקו העוברים והשבים travellers ceased to pass by; a. v. fr. Nif. נִפְסַק to be split, cut in two, broken. Tosef.B. Kam. XI, 15; B. Kam. 119b הנ׳ במגירה chips at planing, v. גָּרַר I. Ḥull.III, 1 נשברה השדרה ונ׳ החוט שלה if the spinal column is broken and the spinal cord severed. Sabb.112a סנדל שנִפְסְקוּ שתי אזניו a sandal, both ears (loops) of which are torn off; Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. IV, 5 שנִתְפַּסְּקוּ; Kel. XXVI, 4; a. fr.Tosef.Mikv.III, 5, sq. ונפסקו, v. פָּתַק. Hif. הִפְסִיק 1) to separate, sever connection; to form a partition. Sot.38b אפי׳ מחיצה … אינה מַפְסֶקֶת ביןוכ׳ not even an iron wall forms a partition between Israel and his father in heaven (worshippers form a congregation even if separated by a partition); Pes.85b. Peah. I, 2 ואלו מַפְסִיקִין לפאה the following things form a division of fields with regard to Peah: a brook Ab. Zar.52a אתה׳ הענין the word eth (before ĕlohehem Deut. 12:2) divides the subject (so as not to allow an analogy between idolatrous utensils and the idols themselves), v. next w.; a. fr. 2) to interrupt; to cause to cease; to leave off; to pause. Ber.II, 2 בין ויאמר לאמת ויציב לא יַפְסִיק between the last portion of the Sh‘mʿa (Num. 15:37–41) and ‘Ĕmeth Vyatsib one must not pause (interrupt the prayer to greet a person). Ib. 14a במגילה מהו שיפסיק may one interrupt ones self during the reading of the Mgillah? (Ib. also פּוֹסֵק Kal. Ib. 5:1. Ex. R. s. 2 עם כל הנביאיםה׳ מלדבר … לאה׳ מימיו with all other prophets the Lord ceased from speaking at times, but with Moses he never ceased. Taan.30a סעודה המַפְסִיק בה the meal with which one ceases (the last meal before beginning to fast, called סעודה המַפְסֶקֶת). Y.Nidd.I, 49c והִפְסִיקָה שלש עונות and ceased (to have menstruation) for three periods. Meg.III, 6 אין מַפְסִיקִין בקללותוכ׳ in reading the curses (Lev. 26:14–44; Deut. 28:15–69) you must not break off, but one person must read the whole Ib. 31b מקום שמפסיקין בשבתוכ׳ where they leave off reading on Sabbath morning, there they continue in the afternoon Sot.IX, 9, v. supra. Gen. R. s. 52, beg. מה אני מפסיק צדקה מביתי shall I allow charity to cease in my house (to fall into desuetude from want of opportunity)?; a. fr. 3) to cut sprays off, trim, v. פָּסַג. 4) to dam. Tosef.Par.V (IV), 9 מפסיק ומנגב he makes a dam (cuts off the influx) and lays the cavity dry. Pi. פִּיסֵּק 1) to trim. Tosef.B. Kam. XI, 18, v. פָּסַג. 2) to interrupt.Part. pass. מְפוּסָּק; pl. מְפוּסָּקִין. Y.Pes.X, 37c; Y.Sabb.VIII, beg.11a מהו לשתותן מפ׳ how about drinking them (the four cups of the Passover evening) in pauses (sipping)?, v. פִּיסָּק. 3) to cut down, ruin; to cut to pieces. Pesik. Naḥ., p. 128a> קיצצוהו ופִיסְּקוּהוּ they cut it down and ruined it (the vineyard). Lam. R. to IV, 15 והיתה … עליהן ומְפַסַּקְתָּן the carriage passed over them and dismembered them; Pesik. Vattom., p. 133b> ומפסקתה (corr. acc.); Yalk. Is. 266 והיתה … עליה ומְפַסַּקְתָּהּ; a. e. Hithpa. הִתְפַּסֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְפַּסֵּק 1) to be severed. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath. IV, 5, v. supra. 2) (sub. בעינים, cmp. קרץ, Prov. 10:10; 6:13) to blink. Deut. R. s. 5 עשה עצמו מִתְפַּסֵּק he pretended to be blinking (Y.Sot.I, 16d bot., a. e. עבד גרמיה חשש בעייניה).

Jewish literature > פָּסַק

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